Introduction: One of the main causes of urban noise pollution is traffic noise, which causes a variety of physical and mental effects, sleep disorders, hearing loss, and quality of life. The purpose of this study was to assess the noise pollution caused by traffic and its effects on sleep disorders and the people’s quality of life in Shiraz city.

Methods: This descriptive and analytic study conducted on 280 residents in heavy traffic and low-traffic areas of the city that selected according to the sampling method. Data collection included: quality of life questionnaire (WHOQOL: BREF), Herzberg sleep disorders questionnaire (PSQI) and by the CEL-440 sound level meter. Data analysis was performed using T-test, Chi - square and Pearson's correlation coefficient.

Results: There was a statistical significant difference between traffic noise levels and sleep disorders in people nearby the low traffic boulevards (P<0.05). Also, there was a statistical significant difference was seen between traffic noise levels and the quality of life of people nearby the high traffic boulevards (P<0.05).

Conclusion: The traffic noise level in low and high traffic areas in Shiraz city was higher than the standard levels that lead to increasing the sleep disorders and decreasing the quality of life of people.