Introduction: Dentistry is regarded as a dangerous job because of some developing health problems such as pain, joint stiffness, etc.  Some the risk of factors, including poor posture of the body while working. could be effective to create problems. The aim of this study was to investigate the ergonomic awareness of principles and its operation by the dentists in Yazd city.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study was performed on 159 dentists, who are up to 60 years old with at least one-year work experience. A questionnaire was implemented consisting of three sections: outbreak of musculoskeletal disorders, dentist's knowledge of ergonomic principles and recording the ergonomic principles followed by the dentist during the operation.

Results: Among the participants in this study, 63.5% had regular exercise, %27 had twitch between two visits, %27 used direct sight, %89.9 had job satisfaction, and %73.6 were familiar with ergonomic principles, from which %28.9 reported the musculoskeletal disorder experience that it was more prevalent among females. The most common types of disorders were related to tingling and stiffness of limbs, from which the neck pin ranked first. The mean of awareness score and the mean of proper operation were reported 22.3773 ± 5.7154 and 16.8867 ± 5.9154, respectively.

Conclusion: In This study, there is a significant relationship between the awareness score and the level of following proper ergonomic principles. Thus, raising the awareness level of dentists from the ergonomic principles and following them could prevent musculoskeletal disorders.