Tibbi-i-kar

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Introduction: Rapid advances in technology, overuse of computers, and changing working conditions have made musculoskeletal disorders one of the most important occupational health issues in the world today. Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is the most common peripheral nerve compressive neuropathy. Causes some occupational factors such as frequent and prolonged work with hands and fingers in the development of this syndrome. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the symptoms and functional status of CTS and to evaluate the effect of ergonomic educational intervention on the rate of CTS among the employees of public banks.
Materials and Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was conducted in the state banks of Torbat Heydariyeh in 1397. Symptoms severity and functional status of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome were assessed using Boston Questionnaire. Subjects with inclusion criteria were selected and the next step was ergonomic training intervention. After 6 months of intervention, the symptoms and functional status of the staff regarding carpal tunnel syndrome were determined .Wrist to caliper ratio was measured. Data were analyzed by SPSS 23 software using Wilcoxon and Chi-square tests.
Results: Results in the past 12 months and present showed that the most musculoskeletal disorders were in the neck, shoulder, waist, back, wrist and hand ,severe level 52.4,50.81,49.2,46,41.3 respectively. The results showed that the severity of CTS symptoms in the samples was in mild,moderate , and severe is in 66.7 , 20.6, 9.5 percent   respectively. The performance status of CTS in the three levels of mild, moderate, and severe is 47.6, 23.8 ,4.8  percent, respectively. Mean and standard deviation of wrist cross sectional area were determined in .708 .033 mm. The results showed that staff with wrist dimensions greater than 0.7 (square wrist) had higher severity of CTS symptoms and abnormalities .Also, there  was a significant relationship between dominant hand and CTS symptoms.(p=<0.001). The mean severity of symptoms and functional status disorder was higher in subjects with 25 BMI and also the frequency of moderate to severe symptoms in smokers was higher than non-smokers. People with higher education and lower education (36.1%). Significant severity of symptoms and functional status abnormalities were observed in mild, moderate and severe levels of physical activity (43%). Results of comparing the severity of symptoms and functional status of carpal tunnel syndrome in the two groups before and after the intervention show that the percentage of severity of symptoms of severe and moderate carpal tunnel syndrome in the post-intervention group was significantly lower than before; Symptoms have changed. The results of comparing the severity of symptoms and functional status of carpal tunnel syndrome in two groups before and after ergonomic intervention using Wilcoxon test showed that there was a significant difference between the severity of carpal tunnel syndrome symptoms before and after the intervention.( Z=-3.606, p=<0.001).
Conclusion: Results of this study regarding the conditions that can lead to carpal tunnel syndrome in bank employees showed that in general, any factor that can increase the contents or decrease the capacity of the wrist tunnel can cause the onset of symptoms of the syndrome, which is the severity of symptoms and functional status. Carpal tunnel syndrome was observed among bank employees at three levels of mild, moderate and severe. Based on ergonomic intervention, the severity of symptoms and functional status of carpal tunnel syndrome were significantly reduced. (P-Value> 0/001) Developing a specific ergonomic intervention program is essential to improve the functional status and symptoms of this syndrome. Understanding the syndrome symptoms, their training, and their effects, and then designing an appropriate ergonomic intervention program, is essential.Based on these results and the inclusion criteria of this study, it can be deduced that ergonomics training is an easy, low cost and practical method that can be used as an effective program to advance the goal of improving the symptom level of people with carpal tunnel syndrome. . It is recommended. Using simple, practical and low cost human and engineering engineering interventions and continuous monitoring of how these interventions are implemented over a long period of time in the light of management commitment and employee engagement can achieve desirable results in order to reduce Carpal tunnel syndrome prevalence among staff.

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Abstract
Introduction: After the covid-19 pandemic, the immobility of people and the reduction of their physical activities increased. It seems necessary to maintain the motivation of employees to perform physical activity after this period because an employee's job in normal conditions is characterized by inactivity and inactivity. As a result, it affects the physical and mental health of the person, and following this event mentioned features intensified. The purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of combined exercises in the workplace on the fat profile and psychological indicators of female employees after the end of the Covid-19 disease.
Materials and methods: This study is semi-experimental and applied, which was conducted on female employees of Shahrekord University in 1401. Thirty people were divided into two experimental (15 people) and control (15 people) groups randomly by inviting cooperation. The 12-week sports intervention was carried out three times a week, and each session lasted from 30 minutes to a maximum of one hour. The psychological indicators before and after the exercises, were evaluated by the relevant questionnaires. To measure the biochemical variables, blood samples (5 cc) were taken before and 48 hours after the end of the intervention. A correlation T-test was used for intra-group comparisons. An independent T-test was used for inter-group comparisons at a significance level of 0.05 using SPSS software.
Results: The findings showed that combined exercises in the work environment significantly improved the quality of life (p=0.001), sleep quality (p=0.001), mental well-being (p=0.001), belonging to work (p=0.001) and resilience (p=0.011) in the experimental group compared to the control. Also, no significant difference was observed in HDL (P=0.184), LDL (P=0.902), cholesterol (P=0.511), and triglyceride (P=0.268).
Conclusion: Workplace combined exercises can significantly improve the employees' quality of life, sleep, and psychological issues. These results are important for managers and organizations to consider programs to maintain employees' mental and physical health, especially where viral diseases such as Covid-19 impact employee health. But it did not affect blood lipids (HDL, LDL, triglycerides, and cholesterol), which may be due to the low intensity and duration of the exercise and lack of control over the subjects' nutrition.
 

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Introduction: job stress is defined as the accumulation of stressful factors in job-related situations, which most people agree is stressful, and it can be the direct factor in the intention to leave the job. The present study investigates the effectiveness of virtual reality exposure therapy and compares its effectiveness with mindfulness-based stress reduction based on mindfulness on the components of job stress employees with job stress.
 Materials and Methods: The research design was a semi-experimental pre and post-test with a control group and a follow-up phase. The statistical population included all employees with job stress in a private company in Isfahan City in 2022, and the research sample included 45 employees who were randomly divided into three groups of 15: virtual reality therapy, mindfulness-based stress reduction therapy, and Controls were replaced. The people of the two intervention groups participated in the intervention sessions; The first experimental group underwent eight 20-minute weekly sessions of virtual reality therapy, and the second experimental group underwent eight weekly 45-minute sessions based on the Kabat-Zin training package (1990 and 2013), but for the control group no interventions were performed. The participants responded to the occupational stress questionnaire of the Health and Safety Institute of England Steinmetz (HSE) (1990) in three stages. The research data were analyzed with analysis of covariance and Bonferroni's post hoc test and using SPSS23 statistical software at two descriptive and inferential levels.
 Results: The results of covariance analysis and Bonferroni's post hoc test indicated that both intervention methods equally and effectively reduced occupational stress in the fields of role, communication, support of colleagues, changes in employees, and the effect of both interventions remained stable over time (P<0.01). Although both methods of intervention reduced the pressure and job stress of employees, and the components of stress include support, control, and demand from officials, and its effect remained constant over time, virtual reality treatment was more effective in both stages (P>0.05).
Conclusion: The results showed that virtual reality courses and stress reduction based on mindfulness can reduce the tensions and job stress of personnel and employees of organizations.

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Introduction: Various inactivity affects the life of employees, including their physical health, disrupts the natural process of people's lives, reduces their efficiency and lifespan. One of the solutions to reduce the effects of inactivity is physical activity. In this research, the effect of 12 weeks of calisthenic exercises in the workplace on composite indicators and some blood factors of middle-aged female employees is investigated.
Materials and Methods: In this research study, 30 people were randomly divided into two experimental groups (15 people) and control group (15 people). 12 weeks of calisthenics exercises were performed by the experimental group. Body composition indices and some blood factors were evaluated before and after the exercises. In order to make intra-group comparisons, the correlation T-test was used and for inter-group comparisons, the independent T-test was used and it was used at a significance level of 0.05 using spss software.
Results: The findings showed that calisthenics exercises in the work environment significantly improved body composition indices including weight (P=0.011), body mass index (P=0.026), waist circumference (P=0.0 001), hip circumference (P=0.025) and waist to hip ratio (P=0.036) in the experimental group compared to the control group. Also, a significant improvement in blood sugar (P=0.006), systolic blood pressure (P=0.024) and flexibility (P=0.019) was observed in the experimental group compared to the control. However, no significant difference was observed in diastolic blood pressure (P=0.199), HDL (P=0.184) and LDL (P=0.902).
Conclusion: 12 weeks of calisthenic exercises in the workplace caused significant improvement in body composition indicators, flexibility, blood pressure and blood sugar. But it had no significant effect on HDL and LDL. As a result, these exercises in the workplace can have small effects on the health of female employees and improve their physical health.
 

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Introduction: The present research was conducted with the aim of investigating the relationship between the establishment of safety, health and environment management system on the performance of coking complex employees and refineries of Iranian Zarand Steel Company. Therefore, at first, the dimensions and issues of establishing the safety, health and environment management system and the performance of employees were identified, and then the relationships between the identified variables were presented.
Materials and Methods: Two standard questionnaires were used to collect data related to the measurement of research variables, which in total include 2 structures, 3 dimensions, and 20 questions. The content validity method was used to check the validity of the questionnaire. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was calculated as 0.863, which indicated the reliability of the questionnaire. The statistical population of this research includes the employees and experts of Iranian Zarand Steel Company. After ensuring the validity and reliability of the designed scales based on the calculations, the questionnaires were distributed to a sample of 260 people. To check the demographic data, descriptive statistics, K-S test to determine the normality of the data using SPSS24 software, to determine the construct validity using the confirmatory factor analysis test and for the relationships between the variables using the structural equation model using statistical software 3 SMART-PLS was performed.
Results: The establishment of the safety, health and environment management system on the performance of employees with a factor load of 0.623 and the T-statistic of the test 9.803, as well as the safety, health and environment management system on the dimensions of employee performance, including increasing knowledge and quality of work, a better relationship with Colleagues, improvement of individual characteristics, development of skills and better supervision, improvement of creativity and improvement of customer orientation of Zarand Iranian Steel Company with factor loading of 0.555, 0.664, 0.430, 0.436, 0.424 and 0.461 respectively and the T-statistics of the test have a significant relationship of 8.086, 12.337, 5.069, 5.792, 5.055 and 6.629.
Conclusion: The findings show that the establishment of the HSE management system has a significant effect on the performance of employees and its dimensions, including the quality of occupational health and safety rules, practical compliance with the law, management and cooperation, workplace processes, the use of personal protective equipment and empowering the behavior of managers and employees.

 

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Introduction: Thermal comfort is essential for a productive work environment and affects the well-being and performance of employees, so maintaining optimal levels of satisfaction, productivity, and efficiency, especially in indoor spaces, is essential. Therefore, the present study's aim is to evaluate the state of cognitive performance. Employees and determination of the thermal comfort range of different genders of employees in the hospitals of Ilam city were done.
Methods and Materials: This research was conducted by survey and field method to identify the state of thermal comfort and cognitive performance of people in the real conditions of therapeutic spaces. For this purpose, the responses of 400 employees of five hospitals in Ilam City were recorded by simple sampling from the beginning of August to November 1402. The reliability status of the questionnaires was confirmed using Cronbach's alpha, and the thermal comfort status of the people was determined through the regression model. Linearity and correlation analysis between measured variables were analyzed through SPSS27 software.
Results: The analysis of the linear regression model showed that the range of thermal comfort between men and women differs by 1.79 degrees Celsius, and this difference is a tendency for warmer temperatures in men and a tendency for colder temperatures in women, the average scores obtained at Zagros Hospital In the visual-spatial/executive component (7.00), attention (4.34), memory (3.08) has the best performance, Imam Khomeini Hospital (RA) has the best performance in the verbal component (2.95), Hazrat Qaim Hospital (A) In the abstraction component (2.02), it has the best performance and awareness of time and place in all hospitals equal to 6.00.
Conclusion: The level of coverage and activity rate among women significantly affects the feeling of thermal comfort, cognitive performance, and productivity of employees at work. The results of this research show the need to revise the current standards of workplace clothing, attendance time, and employee activity rate. Moreover, changes in cognitive performance among hospital staff highlight the need to consider targeted cognitive enhancement strategies to increase staff efficiency.
 

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Introduction: The effectiveness of the municipality and its employees, as the key entity in the urban management framework, significantly influences the quality of life and citizen engagement; consequantly, this study aimed to explore the mediating effect of job boredom on the relationship between perceived organizational support and the psychological well-being of municipal employees. Materials and Methods: The approach of descriptive research involved correlational modeling using structural equations. The statistical population comprised all 500 employees of Tehran Municipality in 2022, according to Karjesi and Morgan’s table, 220 individuals (92 women and 128 men) were chosen using convenience sampling. The instruments utilized in the research included job boredom scale (Rijsiger et al., 2012), perceived organizational support (Eisenberg et al., 1986) and psychological well-being (Reif, 1989). Data analysis utilized the Pearson correlation method, structural modeling and partial least squares algorithm (Smart PLS3) along with the software SPSS16.
Results: The results indicated that the overall research model aligned well with the experimental data. The findings showed that job boredom and perceived organizational support can directly predict psychological well-being (p<0.001). Additionally,, the indirect influence of perceived organizational support through job boredom on psychological well-being was significant (p<0.001).
Conclusion: The research findings indicate that job boredom and perceived organizational support are crutial factors in predicting psychological well-being, and counseling and psychotherapy centers should focus more on these variables whenassessing the psychological well-being of employees.