fa بررسی نقش مدل تقاضا – کنترل – حمایت در بروز اختلالات اسکلتی عضلانی در پرستاران: یک مطالعه مروری نظام‌مند ارگونومی Ergonomics مروری Review Article <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">مقدمه:</span></span></b> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">پرستاری یکی از پرمخاطره‌ترین مشاغل دنیا است و این خطرات شغلی مستقیماً بر روی سلامت پرستاران تأثیر دارند. اختلالات اسکلتی-عضلانی مبتنی بر کار بین کارکنان مراقبت‌های بهداشتی، به‌ویژه کارکنان پرستاری شیوع</span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> دارد</span></span><span dir="LTR" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">.</span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> هدف از این مطالعه مرور نظام‌مند مطالعات درزمینه ارتباط استرس شغلی بر اساس مدل تقاضا-کنترل-حمایت با اختلالات اسکلتی- عضلانی پرستاران است. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">مواد و روش‌ها:</span></span></b> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">در این مطالعه پایگاه داده‌های الکترونیک عمده بین‌المللی شامل </span></span><span dir="LTR" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">PubMed</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">، (</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">ISI</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">)</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black"> Web of Science</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">، </span></span><span dir="LTR" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">Scopus</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> و </span></span><span dir="LTR" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">Science</span></span> <span dir="LTR" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">Direct</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> و پایگاه‌های فارسی شامل </span></span><span dir="LTR" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">SID</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">،</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">Irandoc</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">،</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">Magiran</span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> و </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">Medlib</span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> موردبررسی قرار گرفت. جهت بررسی از کلمات کلیدی: اختلالات اسکلتی - عضلانی، استرس شغلی -مدل تقاضا-کنترل- حمایت و پرستار در منابع فارسی <span style="color:black">و </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">social support</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">، </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">job stress, job control, job demand</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> و </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">musculoskeletal disorder</span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> در منابع لاتین استفاده شد.</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> معیار اصلی ورود به مطالعه بررسی سه متغیر بالا در جامعه پرستاران بود. پس از ارزیابی معیارهای ورود و کیفیت مقالات، 6 پژوهش واجد شرایط شناخته و به مطالعه وارد شدند</span></span><span dir="LTR" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">.</span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">نتایج:</span></span></b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> با توجه به بررسی صورت گرفته بر روی 6 مطالعه در 4 مطالعه متغیر استرین شغلی و در 5 مطالعه نیز متغیر تقاضاهای روان‌شناختی شغل با بروز اختلالات اسکلتی عضلانی ارتباط داشتند. ارتباط بین کنترل شغلی و حمایت سرپرست نیز هرکدام در یک مطالعه مورد تأیید قرارگرفته است.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">بحث و نتیجه‌گیری:</span></span></b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> بررسی</span></span><span dir="LTR" lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">&lrm;</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">های نشان داد که هراندازه ادراک فرد از داشتن کنترل بر کارش بیشتر باشد و سطح تقاضاهای روان‌شناختی نیز در شغلش کمتر باشد، سلامت شغلی در فرد افزایش می</span></span><span dir="LTR" lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">&lrm;</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">یابد. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><b><i><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Introduction:</span></span></i></b> <span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Nursing is one of the high risk jobs in the world and its occupational hazards have a direct impact on the health of nurses. Work-based musculoskeletal disorders are prevalent among health care workers, particularly nursing staff</span><span b="" dir="RTL" lang="FA" nazanin="" style="font-family:">.</span> <span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&nbsp;The purpose of this study was to systematically review studies on the relationship between occupational stress based on demand-control-support model and nurses&#39; musculoskeletal disorders.</span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><b><i><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt">Materials and Methods:</span></span></span></i></b><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt"> In this study, major international electronic databases including PubMed, ISI Web of Science, Scopus and ScienceDirect and Persian databases including SID, Irandoc, Magiran and Medlib were studied. The keywords used were: social support, job stress, job control, job demand, and musculoskeletal disorder. The main criterion for inclusion was the survey of the top three variables in the nursing community. After evaluating the inclusion criteria and the quality of the articles, 6 studies were identified and included in the study.</span></span><span b="" dir="RTL" lang="FA" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt"></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><b><i><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Results:</span></span></i></b><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> According to the results of 6 studies, in 4 studies variables of job strain and in 5 studies psychological demands of job were related to the musculoskeletal disorders. The relationship between job control and supervisor support has also been confirmed in one study</span><span b="" dir="RTL" lang="FA" nazanin="" style="font-family:">.</span><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><b><i><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Conclusion:</span></span></i></b><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> Surveys clearly show that the greater the individual&#39;s perception of control over their work and the lower the level of psychological demands in their job, the health of the individual increases.</span><span dir="RTL" style="font-family:"B Nazanin"" lang="FA"></span></span></span></span></span> اختلالات اسکلتی- عضلانی, استرس شغلی, مدل تقاضا –کنترل-حمایت, پرستاران Musculoskeletal Disorders, Job Stress, Demand-Control-Support Model, Nurses 65 74 http://tkj.ssu.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-11-375-2&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 محمد بابامیری mohammad.babamiri@yahoo.com 0000-0002-0824-8567 No Department of Ergonomics, School of Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran علوم پزشکی همدان محمد رضا امیری mohammad.babamiri@yahoo.com 0000-0003-1190-4411 No Library and Information Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran علوم پزشکی همدان Ali Mahdioun علی مهدیون mohammad.babamiri@yahoo.com 0000-0002-1353-4955 No Department of Anesthesiology, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran علوم پزشکی همدان Younes Mohammadi یونس محمدی mohammad.babamiri@yahoo.com 0000-0001-7521-4909 No Department of Epidemiology, School of Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran علوم پزشکی همدان mehrane shabani مهرانه شعبانی mehrane.shabani@gmail.com 0000-0002-0918-9706 Yes Department of Ergonomics, School of Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran علوم پزشکی همدان