Occupational Medicine Quarterly Journal
فصلنامه علمی تخصصی طب کار
tkj
Medical Sciences
http://tkj.ssu.ac.ir
1
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2251-7189
2251-8274
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jalali
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2022
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بررسی رابطه معماری محیطهای کاری با ظهور مشکلات سلامتی ناشی از سر و صدا: ساختمانهای ناسالم
Examining the relationship between the architecture of workplaces and the emergence of health problems caused by noise: unhealthy buildings
عوامل فیزیکی
Physical agents
پژوهشي
Research
<span style="font-size:8.5pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">مقدمه</span></span></span></span></b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">: </span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">محیطکاری از مهمترین محیطهایی است که افراد بخش اعظمی از وقت خود را در آن سپری میکنند. فقدان آسایش صوتی یکی از مهمترین عواملی است که همه روزه سلامت و رفاه کارکنان را در این محیطهای کاری تهدید میکند</span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">. هدف این مطالعه ضمن شناسایی علائم ناشی از مشکلات صوتی در بین کارکنان، شناسایی پارامترهای اصلی و بررسی نقش معماری در گسترش محیطهای کاری ناسالم است.</span></span></span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:red"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:8.5pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">روش بررسی</span></span></span></span></b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">: </span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">این مطالعه در بین کارکنان سه ساختمان اداری شهر ارومیه </span></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="color:black">)</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">راه و شهرسازی، نظام مهندسی و فرودگاه</span></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="color:black">(</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> انجام شد و حجم نمونه 226 از 309 نفر از کل کارکنان، براساس جدول مورگان مورد نظرسنجی قرار گرفت. </span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">داده</span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"></span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">های لازم از طریق پرسشنامه جمع</span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"></span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">آوری شده و با استفاده از آمار توصیفی (فراوانی، درصد، میانگین و انحراف معیار) و آزمون فریدمن، بهکمک نرم</span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"></span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">افزار </span></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="color:black">SPSS-25</span></span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> تجزیه و تحلیل شدند.</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:8.5pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">یافتهها:</span></span></span></span></b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> میانگین رتبههای علائم نشان داد که خستگی (62/4)، مشکلات شنوایی (05/6)، سردرد (30/6)، دردهای عضلانی (01/7)، استرس زیاد (41/8)، عصبانیت سریع (55/8) و حواس پرتی و تمرکز ضعیف (58/8)، از مهمترین علائم ناشی از سر و صدا در بین کارکنان بودند. همچنین مزاحمتهای ناشی از مکالمات سایرین (22/59%) و ازدحام زیاد و فقدان حریم گفتاری فردی (99/41%)، از </span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">مهمترین پارامترها با تعدد شکایت از سر و صدا بودند.</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:8.5pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">نتیجهگیری:</span></span></span></b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> نتایج بررسی نشان داد که طراحی ناکارآمد محیط و عدم انعطافپذیری فضاها، جانمایی نامناسب و عدم عایقکاری صوتی سطوح درکاربریهای پر سر و صدا، تراکم بالا در محیط و فقدان فضای کافی برای کارکنان، عدم تعمیر سیستمهای تاسیساتی، از مهمترین دلایل </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">تعدد</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> شکایات از سر و صدا بودند.</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>
<span style="font-size:12pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><i><span style="font-size:13.0pt">Introduction</span></i></b><span style="font-size:13.0pt">: The workplace is one of the most significant environments where people spend most of their time. Lack of acoustic comfort is one of the most important factors</span> <span style="font-size:13.0pt">that threatens the health and well-being of employees in these workplaces every day. The purpose of this study, while identifying the symptoms caused by noise problems among employees, is to identify the main parameters and to investigate the role of architecture in the expansion of unhealthy workplaces.</span></span></span><br>
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<span style="font-size:12pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><i><span style="font-size:13.0pt">Method</span></i></b><span style="font-size:13.0pt">: The current study was conducted among the employees of three administrative buildings in Urmia city (Road and Urban Development, Construction Engineering Organization and Airport) and a sample size of 226 out of 309 employees was surveyed based on Morgan's table. The required data were collected through a questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive statistics (frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation) and Friedman test by SPSS-25 software.</span><span lang="FA" dir="RTL" style="font-size:8.0pt"></span></span></span><br>
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<span style="font-size:12pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><i><span style="font-size:13.0pt">Results</span></i></b><span style="font-size:13.0pt">: The average ranks of the symptoms showed that fatigue (4.62), hearing problems (6.05), headache (6.30), muscle pains (7.01), high stress (8.41), quick anger (8.55) and distraction and poor concentration (8.58), were among the most important symptoms caused by noise among employees.</span> <span style="font-size:13.0pt">Also, disturbances caused by other people's conversations (59.22%) and overcrowding and lack of individual speech privacy (41.99%) were among the most important parameters, having frequent complaints about noise.</span></span></span><br>
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<span style="font-size:12pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><i><span style="font-size:13.0pt">Conclusion</span></i></b><span style="font-size:13.0pt">: The results of the investigation indicated that the inefficient environment design and lack of spaces</span> <span style="font-size:13.0pt">flexibility, inappropriate placement and lack of acoustic insulation of surfaces inside noisy uses, high environment density and lack of sufficient space for employees, lack of installation systems maintenance, were among the most important reasons for frequent complaints about noise.</span></span></span>
ساختمانهای سالم, محیطهای کاری, کیفیت محیط داخلی, سر و صدا, ارزیابی معماری, عوامل فیزیکی
Healthy buildings, Workplaces, Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ), Noise, Architectural evaluation, Physical factors
16
25
http://tkj.ssu.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1132-2&slc_lang=fa&sid=1
Solmaz
Tabe Afshar
سولماز
تابع افشار
s.tabeafshar@gmail.com