<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<XML>
<JOURNAL>
<YEAR>1399</YEAR>
<VOL>12</VOL>
<NO>2</NO>
<MOSALSAL>39</MOSALSAL>
<PAGE_NO>76</PAGE_NO>


<ARTICLES>

	<ARTICLE> 
		<TitleF>ارتباط نوبت کاری با خستگی مزمن در پرستاران شاغل در بیمارستان‌های آموزشی شهر یزد</TitleF>
		<TitleE>The relation between shift work and chronic fatigue among educational hospital nurses in Yazd</TitleE>
		<TitleLang_ID>1</TitleLang_ID>
		<ABSTRACTS>
			<ABSTRACT>
			<Language_ID>1</Language_ID>
			<CONTENT>مقدمه:یکی از عوامل تهدیدکننده سلامتی نوبت کاری است. از اثرات مهم نوبت&#8204;کاری می&#8204;توان به خستگی مزمن اشاره کرد. هدف از این مطالعه بررسی ارتباط بین نوبت&#8204;کاری با خستگی مزمن در پرستاران شاغل در بیمارستان&#8204;های آموزشی شهر یزد می&#8204;باشد.
روش بررسی: این مطالعه از نوع توصیفی-تحلیلی به روش نمونه&#8204;گیری طبقه&#8204;ای روی 200 نفر از پرستاران شاغل در بیمارستان&#8204;های آموزشی یزد انجام شد. از پرسشنامه&#8204;های جمعیت شناختی و خستگی مزمن جهت جمع&#8204;آوری داده&#8204;ها استفاده شد. از نرم&#8204;افزارSPSS نسخه 20 و آزمون&#8204;های آماری همبستگی مستقل پیرسون و کای جهت تجزیه و تحلیل قرار استفاده گردید.
نتایج: 57 پرستار مرد و 143 پرستار زن در این مطالعه شرکت داشته&#8204;اند. بین جنسیت، وضعیت تأهل، سابقه کار و سطح تحصیلات با وضعیت خستگی مزمن رابطه معناداری وجود نداشت، اما ارتباط بین گروه سنی با وضعیت خستگی مزمن معنادار بود. نتایج مطالعه همچنین نشان داد بین خستگی مزمن و نوبت&#8204;کاری ارتباط معناداری وجود دارد.
نتیجه گیری: نوبت&#8204;کاری بر وضعیت خستگی مزمن تأثیرگذار است، به&#8204;طوری&#8204;که خستگی مزمن در پرستاران با شیفت ثابت کمتر از پرستاران نوبت&#8204;کار است.
&#160;</CONTENT>
			</ABSTRACT>
			<ABSTRACT>
			<Language_ID>2</Language_ID>
			<CONTENT>Introduction: Shift work is one of the threatening factors on Health. The important effects of shift work can be noted chronic fatigue. This study aimed to determine the association between Shift Work and chronic Fatigue among Educational Hospital Nurses.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out in Educational Hospital in Yazd. Using Stratified sampling technique, 200 Nurses were selected. The data was collected by using questionnaires of Demographic and chronic Fatigue. The data was analyzed using SPSS20 software and applying chi-square and Pearson correlation coefficients.
Result: 57 nurse&#8217;s man and 143 nurse&#8217;s women Participated in this study. There wasn&#8217;t a significant relation between the Gender, marital status, work experience and education level with chronic Fatigue. Because Between the age group with chronic fatigue there was a significant difference. Analysis of the results of this study showed that significant relation between Shift Work and chronic Fatigue.
Conclusion: Shift work can be affected on chronic fatigue that causes the difference in constant and non-constant shifts. So, chronic fatigue in people with constant shifts less than non-constant shifts.
&#160;</CONTENT>
			</ABSTRACT>
		</ABSTRACTS>

		<PAGES>
			<PAGE>
			<FPAGE>1</FPAGE>
			<TPAGE>7</TPAGE>
			</PAGE>
		</PAGES>

		<RECEIVE_DATE>
			2019/08/28
		</RECEIVE_DATE>

		<RECEIVE_DATE_FA>
			1398/6/6
		</RECEIVE_DATE_FA>

		<ACCEPT_DATE>
			2020/10/1
		</ACCEPT_DATE>

		<ACCEPT_DATE_FA>
			1399/7/10
		</ACCEPT_DATE_FA>

		<AUTHORS>
			<AUTHOR>
				<Name>مهرزاد</Name>
				<MidName></MidName>
				<Family>ابراهیم زاده</Family>
				<NameE>Mehrzad</NameE>
				<MidNameE></MidNameE>
				<FamilyE>Ebrahemzadih</FamilyE>
				<Organizations>
				<Organization>کارشناسی ارشد مهندسی بهداشت حرفه ای، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید صدوقی یزد، یزد، ایران</Organization>
				</Organizations>
				<Countries>
				<Country>ایران</Country>
				</Countries>
				<EMAILS>
				<Email>mhrzad12@gmail.com</Email>
				</EMAILS>
			</AUTHOR>

			<AUTHOR>
				<Name>سارا</Name>
				<MidName></MidName>
				<Family>جام برسنگ</Family>
				<NameE>Sara</NameE>
				<MidNameE></MidNameE>
				<FamilyE>Jam barsang</FamilyE>
				<Organizations>
				<Organization>گروه آمار زیستی و اپیدمیولوژی، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید صدوقی یزد، یزد، ایران</Organization>
				</Organizations>
				<Countries>
				<Country>ایران</Country>
				</Countries>
				<EMAILS>
				<Email>mhrzad12@gmail.com</Email>
				</EMAILS>
			</AUTHOR>

			<AUTHOR>
				<Name>رضیه</Name>
				<MidName></MidName>
				<Family>سلطانی</Family>
				<NameE>raziyeh</NameE>
				<MidNameE></MidNameE>
				<FamilyE>Soltani gerdfaramarzi</FamilyE>
				<Organizations>
				<Organization>کارشناسی ارشد بهداشت حرفه ای، مرکز تحقیقات بیماریهای ناشی از صنعت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید صدوقی یزد، یزد، ایران</Organization>
				</Organizations>
				<Countries>
				<Country>ایران</Country>
				</Countries>
				<EMAILS>
				<Email>mhrzad12@gmail.com</Email>
				</EMAILS>
			</AUTHOR>

			<AUTHOR>
				<Name>حسن</Name>
				<MidName></MidName>
				<Family>اشرف زاده</Family>
				<NameE>Hassan</NameE>
				<MidNameE></MidNameE>
				<FamilyE>Ashrafzadeh</FamilyE>
				<Organizations>
				<Organization>کارشناسی ارشد، گروه آمار زیستی و اپیدمیولوژی، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید صدوقی یزد، یزد، ایران</Organization>
				</Organizations>
				<Countries>
				<Country>ایران</Country>
				</Countries>
				<EMAILS>
				<Email></Email>
				</EMAILS>
			</AUTHOR>

			<AUTHOR>
				<Name>غلامحسین</Name>
				<MidName></MidName>
				<Family>حلوانی</Family>
				<NameE>Gholamhosein</NameE>
				<MidNameE></MidNameE>
				<FamilyE>Halvani</FamilyE>
				<Organizations>
				<Organization>استادیار، گروه مهندسی بهداشت حرفه ای، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید صدوقی یزد، یزد، ایران</Organization>
				</Organizations>
				<Countries>
				<Country>ایران</Country>
				</Countries>
				<EMAILS>
				<Email>halvanig@yahoo.com</Email>
				</EMAILS>
			</AUTHOR>

			<AUTHOR>
				<Name>مرضیه</Name>
				<MidName></MidName>
				<Family>ابراهیم زاده</Family>
				<NameE>Marzieh</NameE>
				<MidNameE></MidNameE>
				<FamilyE>Ebrahimzadeh</FamilyE>
				<Organizations>
				<Organization>کارشناس پرستاری، بیمارستان رازی بانه، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی کردستان، کردستان، ایران</Organization>
				</Organizations>
				<Countries>
				<Country>ایران</Country>
				</Countries>
				<EMAILS>
				<Email>mhrzad12@gmail.com</Email>
				</EMAILS>
			</AUTHOR>
		</AUTHORS>


		<KEYWORDS>
			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>Chronic Fatigue</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>Shift Work</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>Nurses</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>خستگی مزمن</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>نوبت‌کاری</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>پرستاران</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>
		</KEYWORDS>

		<REFRENCES>
			<REFRENCE>
				<REF>1.	Costa G. Shift work and occupational medicine: an overview. Occup Med (Lond). 2003;53(2):83-8.##2.	Valizadeh S, Fallahi Khoshknab M, Mohammadi E, Ebrahimi H, Arshadi Bostanabad M. Nurse’s perception from barriers to empowerment: a qualitative research. Journal of Urmia Nursing And Midwifery Faculty. 2015;12(12):1128-38. [persian]##3.	Steenland K. Shift work, long hours, and cardiovascular disease: A review. Occupat Med. 2000;15(4):7-17.##4.	Scott A, LaDou J. Health and safety in shift workers. Occupational medicine. 1994;3:960-86.##5.	Habibi E, Dadkhah Tehrani S. Ghareh baei S, Mahaki B. A survey of the relationship between shift work and job burnout in nurse staff of Alzahra hospital application maslach’s burnout questionnaire. J Health Syst Res. 2015;11(1):77-87. [persian]##6.	Knutsson A. Health disorders of shift workers. Occupational medicine. 2003;53(2):103-8.##7.	Pati AK, Chandrawanshi A, Reinberg A. Shift work: consequences and management. Current science. 2001:32-52.##8.	Zamanian Z, Dehghani M, Mohammady H, Rezaeiani M, Daneshmandi H. Investigation of shift work disorders among security personnel. International Journal of Occupational Hygiene. 2012;4(2):39-42.##9.	Zamanian Ardakani Z, Kakooei H, Ayattollahi S, Karimian S, Nasle Seraji G. Mental Health Survey on Shift Work Nurses in Shiraz Province, Iran. Journal of School of Public Health &amp; Institute of Public Health Research. 2008;5(4): 47-55. [persian]##10.	Choubineh A, Shah CB, Keshavarzi S, Rahnama K. Shift Work-Related Problems Among Operation Room Technicians Of Shiraz University Of Medical Sciences Hospitals, 2006-2007. Iran Occupational Health. 2007;4(1,2):48-52. [persian]##11.	Saito K. Measurement of fatigue in industries. Industrial health. 1999;37(2):134-42.##12.	Hossain JL, Ahmad P, Reinish LW, Kayumov L, Hossain NK, Shapiro CM. Subjective fatigue and subjective sleepiness: two independent consequences of sleep disorders?. Journal of sleep research. 2005;14(3):245-53.##13.	Ghaljaei F, Naderifar M, Ghaljeh M. Comparison of general health status and sleep quality between nurses with fixed working shifts and nurses with rotating working shifts. Zahedan Journal of Research in Medical Sciences. 2011;13(1):47-50. [persian]##14.	Rasoulian M, Elahi F, Afkham Ebrahimi A. The relationship between job burnout and personality traits in nurses. Iranian journal of psychiatry and clinical psychology. 2004;9(4):18-24. [persian]##15.	Jansen PG, Kerkstra A, Abu-Saad HH, Van Der Zee J. The effects of job characteristics and individual characteristics on job satisfaction and burnout in community nursing. International journal of nursing studies. 1996;33(4):407-21.##16.	Dashti E, Rassouli M, Khanali Mojen L, Pour hoseingholi A, Shirinabady Farahani A, Sarvi F. Nurses' fatigue in neonatal intensive care units and premature infants' readmissions. Iranian Journal of Nursing Research. 2015;10(2):1-10. [persian]##17.	Raftopoulos V, Charalambous A, Talias M. The factors associated with the burnout syndrome and fatigue in Cypriot nurses: a census report. BMC Public Health. 2012;12(1):457.##18.	Thomas MJ, Ferguson SA. Prior sleep, prior wake, and crew performance during normal flight operations. Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine. 2010;81(7):665-70.##19.	Nasri S. Epidemiological study of chronic fatigue syndrome and its relation to psychiatric difficulties in nurses. Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology. 2004;9(4):25-33. [persian]##20.	Winwood PC, Winefield AH, Lushington K. Work‐related fatigue and recovery: the contribution of age, domestic responsibilities and shiftwork. Journal of Advanced Nursing. 2006;56(4):438-49.##21.	Jansen N, Van Amelsvoort L, Kristensen T, Van den Brandt P, Kant I. Work schedules and fatigue: a prospective cohort study. Occupational and environmental medicine. 2003;60(suppl 1):i47-i53.##22.	Saremi M, Fallah MR. Subjective fatigue and medical errors among nurses in an educational hospital. Iran Occupational Health. 2013;10(4):1-8. [persian]##23.	Åhsberg E. Dimensions of fatigue in different working populations. Scandinavian journal of psychology. 2000;41(3):231-41.##25.	Aratake Y, Tanaka K, Wada K, Watanabe M, Katoh N, Sakata Y, et al. Development of Japanese version of the checklist individual strength questionnaire in a working population. Journal of occupational health. 2007;49(6):453-60.##26.	Williamson A, Friswell R. Fatigue in the workplace: causes and countermeasures. Fatigue: Biomedicine, Health &amp; Behavior. 2013;1(1-2):81-98.##27.	Ruggiero JS. Correlates of fatigue in critical care nurses. Research in nursing &amp; health. 2003;26(6):434-44.##28.	Akerstedt T, Folkard S. Predicting duration of sleep from the three process model of regulation of alertness. Occupational and environmental medicine. 1996;53(2):136-41.##29.	Mariman AN, Vogelaers DP, Tobback E, Delesie LM, Hanoulle IP, Pevernagie DA. Sleep in the chronic fatigue syndrome. Sleep medicine reviews. 2013;17(3):193-9.## ##</REF>
			</REFRENCE>
		</REFRENCES>

	</ARTICLE>


	<ARTICLE> 
		<TitleF>بررسی سطح خونی سرب در کارگران نقاش شهرستان رفسنجان و همبستگی آن با شیوع عوامل خطرساز بیماری‌های قلبی عروقی در سال 1397</TitleF>
		<TitleE>The level of blood lead painter workers Rafsanjan city and its correlation with risk factors for cardiovascular disease in 2019</TitleE>
		<TitleLang_ID>1</TitleLang_ID>
		<ABSTRACTS>
			<ABSTRACT>
			<Language_ID>1</Language_ID>
			<CONTENT>مقدمه: نقاشان با عوامل آسیب&#173;رسان شیمیایی مختلفی نظیر ذرات سرب در رنگ&#173;ها مواجهه هستند. برخی مطالعات به ارتباط احتمالی مواجهه شغلی و اثرات قلبی عروقی، اشاره کرده&#173;اند. سرب از طریق خوراکی، پوستی و تنفسی جذب بدن می&#173;شود و در برخی بافت&#173;ها رسوخ می&#173;کند. با توجه به اهمیت سلامتی نیروی کار در راستای توسعه و پیشرفت هر کشور این مطالعه با هدف تعیین میزان سرب در خون نقاشان شهرستان رفسنجان در سال 1397 انجام گردید.
روش بررسی: تحقیق حاضر یک مطالعه مقطعی از نوع توصیفی است که در سال 1397 بر روی 77 نقاش شهرستان رفسنجان انجام گرفت. جمع&#173;آوری داده&#173;ها در دو مرحله صورت گرفت، در مرحله اول بر اساس چک&#173;لیست اطلاعات دموگرافیک و مرحله دوم انجام تست&#173;ها آزمایشگاهی و در نهایت با ثبت داده&#173;ها در نرم&#173;افزار SPSS نسخه 21 مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت. اطلاعات کمی به&#173;صورت &#171;انحراف معیار&#177;میانگین&#187; و اطلاعات کیفی به&#173;صورت&#171;تعداد(درصد)&#187; گزارش گردید.
نتایج: از میان 77 کارگر نقاش کمترین سن 21سال و بیشترین آن 70سال می&#173;باشد. در مجموع 20 &#160;نفر (26درصد) از آن&#173;ها سابقه خانوادگی حملات قلبی را داشتند. بیشترین مقدار سرب در خون نقاشان 7/30 میکروگرم در دسی لیتر گزارش شد و سطح سرب بیشترین همبستگی را با قند خون داشت. 60 نفر (9/77درصد) از نقاشان از وسیله حفاظت فردی ماسک استفاده می&#173;کردند. 4/49 درصد از نقاشان حاضر در مطالعه از لباس کار و 6/28 درصد نیز از دستکش در هنگام کار استفاده می&#173;کرده&#173;اند. سطح سرب با فاکتورهای قند خون، کلسترول، تری گلیسیرید، LDL، سن و سابقه کار رابطه مستقیم و غیر معنادار دارد و میزان قند خون بیشترین همبستگی را با سطح سرب موجود در خون کارگران نقاش داشته است.
نتیجه&#173;گیری: یافته&#173;های این مطالعه نشان می&#173;دهد با توجه به افزایش سابقه کار نقاشان، میزان سطح سرب خون آن&#173;ها نیز افزایش&#173;یافته است و همچنین میزان قند خون، بیشترین همبستگی را با سطح سرب در خون نقاشان داشته است.</CONTENT>
			</ABSTRACT>
			<ABSTRACT>
			<Language_ID>2</Language_ID>
			<CONTENT>Introduction:&#160;Painters are exposed to various chemical harmful agents such as lead particles in paints. Some studies have suggested a possible association of occupational exposure that may cause cardiovascular effects. Lead is absorbed through the body through the skin, skin, and respiratory tract and penetrates some tissues.&#160;Considering the importance of labor health in each country&#39;s development and progress, this study was conducted to determine the amount of lead in the blood of painters in Rafsanjan in 2019.
&#160;
Materials and Methods:&#160;The present study is a cross-sectional study of the descriptive type conducted in 1397 on 77 painters of Rafsanjan city. Data collection was done in two stages, in the first stage, based on a checklist that included demographic information, and in the second stage by performing laboratory tests. Finally, by recording the data in SPSS software, quantitative data was reported as a &#34;mean &#177; standard deviation&#34; and qualitative information as a &#34;number (percent)&#34;.
&#160;
Results:&#160;Of the 77 painter workers, the youngest is 21, and the oldest is 70 years old. A total of 20 people (26%) had a family history of heart attacks. The highest amount of lead in the blood of painters was reported to be 30.7 micrograms per deciliter, and the level of lead was most correlated with blood sugar. Sixty people (77.9%) painters used personal protective equipment. 49.4% of the study&#39;s painters wore work clothes, and 28.6% used gloves while working. Lead levels are directly related to blood sugar, cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL, age, work experience, and blood sugar levels were most correlated with the level of lead in painters&#39; blood.
&#160;
Conclusion:&#160;This study&#39;s findings show that due to the increase in the work experience of painters, their blood lead level has also increased, and the blood sugar level has had the highest correlation with the lead level in the painters&#39; blood.
&#160;</CONTENT>
			</ABSTRACT>
		</ABSTRACTS>

		<PAGES>
			<PAGE>
			<FPAGE>8</FPAGE>
			<TPAGE>16</TPAGE>
			</PAGE>
		</PAGES>

		<RECEIVE_DATE>
			2019/08/282020/07/15
		</RECEIVE_DATE>

		<RECEIVE_DATE_FA>
			1399/4/25
		</RECEIVE_DATE_FA>

		<ACCEPT_DATE>
			2020/10/12020/10/1
		</ACCEPT_DATE>

		<ACCEPT_DATE_FA>
			1399/7/10
		</ACCEPT_DATE_FA>

		<AUTHORS>
			<AUTHOR>
				<Name>علیرضا</Name>
				<MidName></MidName>
				<Family>طاهری فرد</Family>
				<NameE>Alireza</NameE>
				<MidNameE></MidNameE>
				<FamilyE>Taheri Fard</FamilyE>
				<Organizations>
				<Organization>پژوهشگر، مرکز تحقیقات محیط کار، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی رفسنجان، رفسنجان و گروه اکولوژی انسانی، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید صدوقی یزد، ایران</Organization>
				</Organizations>
				<Countries>
				<Country>ایران</Country>
				</Countries>
				<EMAILS>
				<Email>alitfr@yahoo.com</Email>
				</EMAILS>
			</AUTHOR>

			<AUTHOR>
				<Name>حسن</Name>
				<MidName></MidName>
				<Family>احمدی نیا</Family>
				<NameE>Hassan</NameE>
				<MidNameE></MidNameE>
				<FamilyE>Ahmadinia</FamilyE>
				<Organizations>
				<Organization>دانشجوی دکتری آمار زیستی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی رفسنجان، رفسنجان، ایران</Organization>
				</Organizations>
				<Countries>
				<Country>ایران</Country>
				</Countries>
				<EMAILS>
				<Email>h.ahmadinia@gmail.com</Email>
				</EMAILS>
			</AUTHOR>

			<AUTHOR>
				<Name>مهدی</Name>
				<MidName></MidName>
				<Family>کافی</Family>
				<NameE>Mehdi</NameE>
				<MidNameE></MidNameE>
				<FamilyE>Kafi</FamilyE>
				<Organizations>
				<Organization>کمیته تحقیقات، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی رفسنجان، رفسنجان، ایران</Organization>
				</Organizations>
				<Countries>
				<Country>ایران</Country>
				</Countries>
				<EMAILS>
				<Email>mmm.kafi@yahoo.com</Email>
				</EMAILS>
			</AUTHOR>

			<AUTHOR>
				<Name>مرضیه</Name>
				<MidName></MidName>
				<Family>سلندری</Family>
				<NameE>Marzie</NameE>
				<MidNameE></MidNameE>
				<FamilyE>Salandari</FamilyE>
				<Organizations>
				<Organization>پژوهشگر، مرکز تحقیقات محیط کار، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی رفسنجان، رفسنجان، ایران</Organization>
				</Organizations>
				<Countries>
				<Country>ایران</Country>
				</Countries>
				<EMAILS>
				<Email>msalandari85@yahoo.com</Email>
				</EMAILS>
			</AUTHOR>

			<AUTHOR>
				<Name>عبدالله</Name>
				<MidName></MidName>
				<Family>رحمانی</Family>
				<NameE>Abdollah</NameE>
				<MidNameE></MidNameE>
				<FamilyE>Rahmani</FamilyE>
				<Organizations>
				<Organization>دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد اپیدمیولوژی، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی رفسنجان، رفسنجان، ایران</Organization>
				</Organizations>
				<Countries>
				<Country>ایران</Country>
				</Countries>
				<EMAILS>
				<Email>abdollarahmani67@yahoo.com</Email>
				</EMAILS>
			</AUTHOR>

			<AUTHOR>
				<Name>محسن</Name>
				<MidName></MidName>
				<Family>رضائیان</Family>
				<NameE>Mohsen</NameE>
				<MidNameE></MidNameE>
				<FamilyE>Rezaeian</FamilyE>
				<Organizations>
				<Organization>استاد گروه آموزشی اپیدمیولوژی و آمار زیستی، مرکز تحقیقات محیط کار، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی رفسنجان، رفسنجان، ایران</Organization>
				</Organizations>
				<Countries>
				<Country>ایران</Country>
				</Countries>
				<EMAILS>
				<Email>moeygmr2@yahoo.co.uk</Email>
				</EMAILS>
			</AUTHOR>
		</AUTHORS>


		<KEYWORDS>
			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>Lead</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>Cardiovascular disease</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>Painters</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>سرب</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>بیماری­های قلبی ­عروقی</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>نقاشان</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>
		</KEYWORDS>

		<REFRENCES>
			<REFRENCE>
				<REF>1. Moro AM, Charão M, Brucker N, Bulcão R, Freitas F, Guerreiro G, et al. Effects of low-level exposure to xenobiotics present in paints on oxidative stress in workers. Science of the Total Environment. 2010##2. Mohammad IK, Mahdi AA, Raviraja A, Najmul I, Iqbal A, Thuppil V. Oxidative stress in painters exposed to low lead levels. Arhiv za higijenu rada i toksikologiju. 2008##3. Nevin R. Understanding international crime trends: the legacy of preschool lead exposure. Environ Res 2007; 104(3): 315-36##4. Klaassen CD, Watkins JB. Casarett and Doull's toxicology: the basic science of poisons: McGraw-Hill. 2008##5. IARC. Inorganic and organic lead compounds. IARC Monogr Eval Carcinog Risks Hum. 2006##6. Whittaker SG. Lead exposure in radiator repair workers: a survey of Washington State radiator repair shops and review of occupational lead exposure registry data. J Occp Environ Med. 2003; 45: 724-33.##7.Rao GM, Shetty BV, Sudha K. Effect of lead on oxidant: antioxidant balance in painters. Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry. 2006 ##8. WHO (World Health Organization), “Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs),” fact sheet no. 317, World Health Organiza tion. 2009####9. Alissa EM, Ferns GA. Heavy metal poisoning and cardiovascular disease. Journal of toxicology. 2011##10. Navas-Acien A, Guallar E, Silbergeld EK, Rothenberg SJ. Lead exposure and cardiovascular disease-a systematic review. Environmental health perspectives. 2007 ##11. Harlan WR. The relationship of  blood lead levels to blood pressure in the U.S. population. Environmental health perspectives. 1988 ##12.Nawrot T, Thijs L, Den Hond E, Roels H, Staessen J. An epidemiological re-appraisal of the association between blood pressure and blood lead: a meta-analysis. Journal of Human Hypertension. 2002##13. Hu H, Aro A, Payton M, Korrick S, Sparrow D, Weiss ST, et al. The relationship of bone and blood lead to hypertension. The Normative Aging Study. JAMA : the journal of the American Medical Association. 1996##14. Hipkins K L, Materna B L, Kosnett M J, Rogge J W, Cone J E. Medical surveillance of the lead exposed worker. AAOHN. J. 1998; 46(7):330-9.##15. National Occupational Health Technical Committee. Limits of occupational contact of agents – disease.2003:126-257.##16. ACGIH. Threshold limit values &amp; Biological Exposure Indices; 2003: 32-91. Available from: WWW.Techstreet.Com##17. Moro AM, Charao M, Brucker N, Bulcao R, Freitas F, Guerreiro G, et al. Effects of low-level exposure to xenobiotics present in paints on oxidative stress in workers. The Science of the total environment. 2010##18. Khan MI, Ahmad I, Mahdi AA, Akhtar MJ, Islam N, Ashquin M, et al. Elevated blood lead levels and cytogenetic markers in buccal epithelial cells of painters in India: genotoxicity in painters exposed to lead containing paints. Environmental science and pollution research international. 2010##19. Saeb M, Nazifi Saeed Abadi S. Evaluation of lead and delta aminolulinic acid dehydratase in blood paint workers. Scientific Journal of the Medical System Organization of the Islamic Republic of Iran.2004. [Persian]##20. Bashar, S. Evaluation of lead poisoning in Dena lead mine. PhD thesis in laboratory sciences. Tehran.1993. [Persian]##21. Makinos S; Matsuno K; Hisanaga N; Seki Y; Occupational lead poisoning in 1994- in Philippine with Japanese health organization##22. Khan- M; Khan-E; Shan-SH; Rashid-Q; Ayub medical college; Abbottabad Pakistan; Medline ® 1/98-9/98-lead poisoning, a hazard of traffic and industries in Pakistan. J environ- pattol- Toxical 1995; 14(2): 117-20##23. Fenga C, Cacciola A, Martino LB, Calderaro SR, Di Nola C, Verzera A, et al. Relationship of blood lead levels to blood pressure in exhaust battery storage workers. Industrial health. 2006##24. Carmignani M, Boscolo P, Poma A, Volpe AR. Kininergic system and arterial hypertension following chronic exposure to inorganic lead. Immunopharmacology. 1999##25. Esfahani M, Movahedian A, Ataei N. The association between Lead exposure and cardiovascular diseases. Feyz Journal of Kashan University of Medical Sciences. 2013;16(7):605-6## ##</REF>
			</REFRENCE>
		</REFRENCES>

	</ARTICLE>


	<ARTICLE> 
		<TitleF>ارزیابی قابلیت اطمینان انسانی در فرآیند عمل جراحی آپاندکتومی با استفاده از روش استاندارد واکاوی ریسک خطای انسانی (SPAR-H)</TitleF>
		<TitleE>Assessment of the probability of human error occurring in the process of appendectomy operation using SPAR-H method</TitleE>
		<TitleLang_ID>1</TitleLang_ID>
		<ABSTRACTS>
			<ABSTRACT>
			<Language_ID>1</Language_ID>
			<CONTENT>مقدمه: پیامدهای جبران&#8204;ناپذیر خطای انسانی در بخش بهداشت و درمان، ایمنی بیماری را به یک اصل با اهمیت در مشاغل پزشکی تبدیل کرده است. هدف از مطالعه حاضر بررسی احتمال خطای انسانی در پرسنل اتاق عمل در فرآیند عمل جراحی آپاندکتومی بود.
روش بررسی: این مطالعه مقطعی و توصیفی جهت شناسایی و ارزیابی احتمال خطای انسانی در وظایف پرسنل اتاق عمل در فرآیند عمل جراحی آپاندکتومی در بیمارستان شهید صدوقی یزد صورت گرفت. در ابتدا با مصاحبه با پرسنل و مطالعه روند و رویه&#8204;های انجام کار، وظایف شغلی پرسنل با استفاده از روش تحلیل سلسله مراتبی وظایف (HTA) مورد واکاوی قرارگرفته&#8204;اند. در نهایت احتمال خطا با استفاده از روش SPAR-H برای وظایف متفاوت محاسبه شد.
نتایج: احتمال خطای انسانی میانگین برای کل وظایف برابر 173/0 بود. همچنین بیشترین میانگین احتمال خطا مربوط به وظایف متخصص بیهوشی (23/0) و کمترین مربوط به وظایف اسکراب (101/0) بوده است.
نتیجه&#8204;گیری: بیشتر بودن احتمال رخداد خطا در وظیفه تکرار داروهای بیهوشی نسبت به بقیه وظایف می&#8204;تواند نشانگر تأثیر زیاد فرآیندهای شناختی در رخداد خطا باشد. جهت کاهش احتمال خطای انسانی می&#8204;توان کاهش وابستگی را از طریق انجام وظایف توسط افراد متفاوت و در صورت امکان با فاصله زمانی از هم انجام داد. همچنین استرس، پیچیدگی و رویه&#8204;های کاری به&#8204;عنوان مهم&#8204;ترین عوامل مؤثر بر قابلیت اطمینان انسانی شناخته شدند.
&#160;</CONTENT>
			</ABSTRACT>
			<ABSTRACT>
			<Language_ID>2</Language_ID>
			<CONTENT>1.O&#39;Connor PO, Keogh IJ. Addressing human error within the Irish healthcare system. Irish Medical Journal. 2011;104(1):5-6.
2. Jahangiri M, Hoboubi N, Rostamabadi A, Keshavarzi S, Hosseini AA. Human error analysis in a permit to work system: a case study in a chemical plant. Safety and Health&#160; at Work. 2016;7(1):6-11.
3. Edmondson AC. Learning from mistakes is easier said than done: Group and organizational influences on the detection and correction of human error. JABS. 2004;40(1):66-90.
4. Makary MA, Daniel MJB. Medical error&#8212;the third leading cause of death in the US. &#160;Ninth International Congress On Peer Review And Scientific Pubulatio; 2016:1-5.
5. Zakerian SA, Najafi K, Fallahmedvari R, Jahangiri M, Jalilian H, Azimipoor RJOMQJ. Identification and assessment of human errors in the number of eye surgeries using PHEA technique. Occupational Medicine Quarterly Journal. 2017;9(3):1-13.[Persian]
6. K&#252;ng K, Carrel T, Wittwer B, Engberg S, Zimmermann N, Schwendimann R. Medication errors in a swiss cardiovascular surgery department: a cross-sectional study based on a novel medication error report method. &#160;Nursing Research and Practice. 2013;1-6.
7. Feyer A-M, Williamson AM, Cairns DR. The involvement of human behaviour in occupational accidents: errors in context. Saf. Sci. 1997;25(1-3):55-65.
8. Eyvazlou M, Dadashpour Ahangar A, Rahimi A, Davarpanah MR, Sayyahi SS, Mohebali Mal. Human reliability assessment in a 99Mo/99mTc generator production facility using the standardized plant analysis risk-human (SPAR-H) technique. JOSE. 2019;25(2):1-16.
9. Anderson JG, Jay SJ, Anderson M, Hunt TJ. Evaluating the impact of information technology on medication errors: a simulation. JAMIA. 2003;10(3):292-293.
10. Hollnagel EJC. Human reliability analysis: Context and control. 1st ed. London: Academic Press 1993:27-51.
11. Dhillon BS. Human reliability and error in transportation systems: Springer Science &#38; Business Media; British: springer. 2007:29-41.
12. Kumar P, Gupta S, Agarwal M, Singh UJSs. Categorization and standardization of accidental risk-criticality levels of human error to develop risk and safety management policy. Saf. Sci. 2016;85:88-98.
13. Mohammadfam I, Saeidi C. Evaluating human errors in cataract surgery using the SHERPA technique. Iran J Ergon. 2015.2(4).41-47.[Persian]
14. Mohammadfam I, Mohammadi Y, Amiri M, Fallah Ksjjosp, Prevention I. Identifying and Prioritizing the Factors Affecting on the Human Errors in Health Care: Systematic Review. ICSP. 2018;6(2):87-90.[Persian]
15. Balas MC, Scott LD, Rogers AE. The prevalence and nature of errors and near errors reported by hospital staff nurses. Appl Nurs Res 2004;17(4):224-30.
16. Kohn LT, Corrigan J, Donaldson MS. To error is human: building a safer health system. 1st ed. USA: Washington, DC; National academy press 2000: 1-16.
17. Tevlin R, Doherty E, Traynor O. Improving disclosure and management of medical error&#8211;an opportunity to transform the surgeons of tomorrow. &#160;The Surgeon. 2013;11(6):338-43.
18. Khasha R, Sepehri MM, Khatibi T. A fuzzy FMEA approach to prioritizing surgical cancellation factors. IJHR. 2013;2(1):17-24.
19. Tait AR, Voepel-Lewis T, Munro HM, Gutstein HB, Reynolds P. Cancellation of pediatric outpatient surgery: economic and emotional implications for patients and their families. J Clin Anesth. 1997;9(3):213-9.
20. Mohammadfam I, Movafagh M, Soltanian A, Salavati M, Bashirian S. Assessment of human errors in the nursing profession of intensive cardiac care unit using SPAR-H method. Occupational Medicine Quarterly Journal. 2015;7(1):10-22.[Persian]
21. Ansari S, Choobdar M, Bakhtiari T, Jamalizadeh Z, heydari p, Varmazyar S. Identification and evaluation of human errors among Qazvin emergency medical personnel by using CREAM technique. Scientific journal of rescue and relief. 2018;10(1):98-110.[Persian]
22. Tanha F, Mazloumi A, Faraji V, Kazemi Z, Shoghi MJJoH. Evaluation of human errors using standardized plant analysis risk human reliability analysis technique among delivery emergency nurses in a hospital affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences. journal of hospital. 2015;14(3):57-66.[Persian]
23. Stanton N. Hierarchical task analysis: Developments, applications, and extensions. Appl. Ergon. 2006;37(1):55-79.
24. U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission Office of Nuclear Regulatory Research. The SPAR-H human reliability analysis method. Washington: 2005.
25. Laumann K, Rasmussen MJRE, Safety S. Suggested improvements to the definitions of Standardized Plant Analysis of Risk-Human Reliability Analysis (SPAR-H) performance shaping factors, their levels and multipliers and the nominal tasks. RELIAB ENG SYST SAFE. 2016;145:287-300.
26. Idaho National Laboratory(INL). SPAR-H step-by-step guidance. Washington: 2012.
27. Nazari T, Rabiee A, Ramezani A. Human Error Probability Quantification using SPAR-H Method: Total Loss of Feedwater case study for VVER-1000. Nuclear Engineering and Design. 2018; 331:295-301.
28. Rasekh R. Evaluation of Human Reliability by Standardized Plant Analysis Risk HRA (SPAR-H) method in the Dialysis Process in Ebne Sina Hospital, Shiraz. Iran J Ergon. 2019;7(3):44-56.
29. Pouya AB, Mosavianasl Z, Moradi-Asl E. Analyzing Nurses&#8217; Responsibilities in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Using SHERPA and SPAR-H Techniques. Shiraz E Med J. 2019;20(6).1-9.&#160;

Assessment of the probability of human error occurring in the process of appendectomy operation using SPAR-H method
&#160;
Taherzadeh Chenani KH1, Jahangiri M 2, Jafari Nodoushan R *3, Madadizadeh F 4, Fallah H5,6
&#160;
1 Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
2 Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
3 Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
4 Research Center of Prevention and Epidemiology of Non-Communicable Disease, Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
5 Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
6 Occupational Health Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
&#160;
Abstract
Introduction: The irreparable consequences of human error in the health care sector have made patient safety an important principle in medical professions. The aim of the present study was to investigate the probability of human error in operating room personnel in the process of appendectomy operations.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional and descriptive study was performed to identify and evaluate the probability of human error in operating room personnel&#39;s tasks in the process of appendectomy in Shahid Sadoughi Hospital in Yazd. Initially, by interviewing personnel and studying the process and procedures of the work, the job duties of the personnel were analyzed using HTA method. Finally, the probability of error was calculated using SPAR-H method for different tasks.
Results: The average human error probability for all tasks was 0.173. Also, the highest mean of error was related to anesthesiologist duties (0.23) and the least related to scrub duties (0.101).
Conclusion: The SPAR-H method can be used to analyze and quantify the probability of human error in the operating room. To reduce the likelihood of human error, we can reduce dependency by performing different tasks with different people and if possible with long time between them. Also, stress, complexity and procedures were identified as the most important factors affecting the probability of error.</CONTENT>
			</ABSTRACT>
		</ABSTRACTS>

		<PAGES>
			<PAGE>
			<FPAGE>17</FPAGE>
			<TPAGE>28</TPAGE>
			</PAGE>
		</PAGES>

		<RECEIVE_DATE>
			2019/08/282020/07/152020/03/17
		</RECEIVE_DATE>

		<RECEIVE_DATE_FA>
			1398/12/27
		</RECEIVE_DATE_FA>

		<ACCEPT_DATE>
			2020/10/12020/10/12020/08/2
		</ACCEPT_DATE>

		<ACCEPT_DATE_FA>
			1399/5/12
		</ACCEPT_DATE_FA>

		<AUTHORS>
			<AUTHOR>
				<Name>خلیل</Name>
				<MidName></MidName>
				<Family>طاهرزاده چنانی</Family>
				<NameE>khalil</NameE>
				<MidNameE></MidNameE>
				<FamilyE>Taherzadeh Chenani</FamilyE>
				<Organizations>
				<Organization>دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد مهندسی بهداشت حرفه ای، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید صدوقی یزد، یزد، ایران</Organization>
				</Organizations>
				<Countries>
				<Country>ایران</Country>
				</Countries>
				<EMAILS>
				<Email>khalil.oc.hy@gmail.com</Email>
				</EMAILS>
			</AUTHOR>

			<AUTHOR>
				<Name>مهدی</Name>
				<MidName></MidName>
				<Family>جهانگیری</Family>
				<NameE>Mehdi</NameE>
				<MidNameE></MidNameE>
				<FamilyE>Jahangiri</FamilyE>
				<Organizations>
				<Organization>گروه مهندسی بهداشت حرفه ای، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شیراز، شیراز، ایران</Organization>
				</Organizations>
				<Countries>
				<Country>ایران</Country>
				</Countries>
				<EMAILS>
				<Email>jahangiri_m@sums.ac.ir</Email>
				</EMAILS>
			</AUTHOR>

			<AUTHOR>
				<Name>رضا</Name>
				<MidName></MidName>
				<Family>جعفری ندوشن</Family>
				<NameE>Reza</NameE>
				<MidNameE></MidNameE>
				<FamilyE>Jafari Nodoushan</FamilyE>
				<Organizations>
				<Organization>گروه مهندسی بهداشت حرفه ای، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید صدوقی یزد، یزد، ایران</Organization>
				</Organizations>
				<Countries>
				<Country>ایران</Country>
				</Countries>
				<EMAILS>
				<Email>khalil.tchenani@yahoo.com</Email>
				</EMAILS>
			</AUTHOR>

			<AUTHOR>
				<Name>فرزان</Name>
				<MidName></MidName>
				<Family>مددی زاده</Family>
				<NameE>Farzan</NameE>
				<MidNameE></MidNameE>
				<FamilyE>Madadizadeh</FamilyE>
				<Organizations>
				<Organization>مرکز تحقیقات پیشگیری و اپیدمیولوژی بیماری های غیر واگیر، گروه آمارزیستی و اپیدمیولوژی، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید صدوقی یزد، یزد ایران</Organization>
				</Organizations>
				<Countries>
				<Country>ایران</Country>
				</Countries>
				<EMAILS>
				<Email>madadizadehfarzan@gmail.com</Email>
				</EMAILS>
			</AUTHOR>

			<AUTHOR>
				<Name>حسین</Name>
				<MidName></MidName>
				<Family>فلاح</Family>
				<NameE>Hossein</NameE>
				<MidNameE></MidNameE>
				<FamilyE>Fallah</FamilyE>
				<Organizations>
				<Organization>گروه مهندسی بهداشت حرفه ای، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی و خدمات بهداشتی درمانی تبریز، تبریز، ایران</Organization>
				</Organizations>
				<Countries>
				<Country>ایران</Country>
				</Countries>
				<EMAILS>
				<Email>Fallah_Hossein@yahoo.com</Email>
				</EMAILS>
			</AUTHOR>
		</AUTHORS>


		<KEYWORDS>
			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>Human error</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>Operation room</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>Performance shaping factors</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>SPAR-H</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>خطای انسانی</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>اتاق عمل</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>عوامل شکل دهنده عملکرد</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>SPAR-H</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>
		</KEYWORDS>

		<REFRENCES>
			<REFRENCE>
				<REF>1.O'Connor P, Ke1.O'Connor PO, Keogh IJ. Addressing human error within the Irish healthcare system. Irish Medical Journal. 2011;104(1):5-6.##2. Jahangiri M, Hoboubi N, Rostamabadi A, Keshavarzi S, Hosseini AA. Human error analysis in a permit to work system: a case study in a chemical plant. Safety and Health  at Work. 2016;7(1):6-11.##3. Edmondson AC. Learning from mistakes is easier said than done: Group and organizational influences on the detection and correction of human error. JABS. 2004;40(1):66-90.##4. Makary MA, Daniel MJB. Medical error—the third leading cause of death in the US.  Ninth International Congress On Peer Review And Scientific Pubulatio; 2016:1-5.##5. Zakerian SA, Najafi K, Fallahmedvari R, Jahangiri M, Jalilian H, Azimipoor RJOMQJ. Identification and assessment of human errors in the number of eye surgeries using PHEA technique. Occupational Medicine Quarterly Journal. 2017;9(3):1-13.[Persian]##6. Küng K, Carrel T, Wittwer B, Engberg S, Zimmermann N, Schwendimann R. Medication errors in a swiss cardiovascular surgery department: a cross-sectional study based on a novel medication error report method.  Nursing Research and Practice. 2013;1-6.##7. Feyer A-M, Williamson AM, Cairns DR. The involvement of human behaviour in occupational accidents: errors in context. Saf. Sci. 1997;25(1-3):55-65.##8. Eyvazlou M, Dadashpour Ahangar A, Rahimi A, Davarpanah MR, Sayyahi SS, Mohebali Mal. Human reliability assessment in a 99Mo/99mTc generator production facility using the standardized plant analysis risk-human (SPAR-H) technique. JOSE. 2019;25(2):1-16.##9. Anderson JG, Jay SJ, Anderson M, Hunt TJ. Evaluating the impact of information technology on medication errors: a simulation. JAMIA. 2003;10(3):292-293.##10. Hollnagel EJC. Human reliability analysis: Context and control. 1st ed. London: Academic Press 1993:27-51.##11. Dhillon BS. Human reliability and error in transportation systems: Springer Science &amp; Business Media; British: springer. 2007:29-41.##12. Kumar P, Gupta S, Agarwal M, Singh UJSs. Categorization and standardization of accidental risk-criticality levels of human error to develop risk and safety management policy. Saf. Sci. 2016;85:88-98.##13. Mohammadfam I, Saeidi C. Evaluating human errors in cataract surgery using the SHERPA technique. Iran J Ergon. 2015.2(4).41-47.[Persian]##14. Mohammadfam I, Mohammadi Y, Amiri M, Fallah Ksjjosp, Prevention I. Identifying and Prioritizing the Factors Affecting on the Human Errors in Health Care: Systematic Review. ICSP. 2018;6(2):87-90.[Persian]##15. Balas MC, Scott LD, Rogers AE. The prevalence and nature of errors and near errors reported by hospital staff nurses. Appl Nurs Res 2004;17(4):224-30.##16. Kohn LT, Corrigan J, Donaldson MS. To error is human: building a safer health system. 1st ed. USA: Washington, DC; National academy press 2000: 1-16.##17. Tevlin R, Doherty E, Traynor O. Improving disclosure and management of medical error–an opportunity to transform the surgeons of tomorrow.  The Surgeon. 2013;11(6):338-43.##18. Khasha R, Sepehri MM, Khatibi T. A fuzzy FMEA approach to prioritizing surgical cancellation factors. IJHR. 2013;2(1):17-24.##19. Tait AR, Voepel-Lewis T, Munro HM, Gutstein HB, Reynolds P. Cancellation of pediatric outpatient surgery: economic and emotional implications for patients and their families. J Clin Anesth. 1997;9(3):213-9.##20. Mohammadfam I, Movafagh M, Soltanian A, Salavati M, Bashirian S. Assessment of human errors in the nursing profession of intensive cardiac care unit using SPAR-H method. Occupational Medicine Quarterly Journal. 2015;7(1):10-22.[Persian]##21. Ansari S, Choobdar M, Bakhtiari T, Jamalizadeh Z, heydari p, Varmazyar S. Identification and evaluation of human errors among Qazvin emergency medical personnel by using CREAM technique. Scientific journal of rescue and relief. 2018;10(1):98-110.[Persian]##22. Tanha F, Mazloumi A, Faraji V, Kazemi Z, Shoghi MJJoH. Evaluation of human errors using standardized plant analysis risk human reliability analysis technique among delivery emergency nurses in a hospital affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences. journal of hospital. 2015;14(3):57-66.[Persian]##23. Stanton N. Hierarchical task analysis: Developments, applications, and extensions. Appl. Ergon. 2006;37(1):55-79.##24. U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission Office of Nuclear Regulatory Research. The SPAR-H human reliability analysis method. Washington: 2005.##25. Laumann K, Rasmussen MJRE, Safety S. Suggested improvements to the definitions of Standardized Plant Analysis of Risk-Human Reliability Analysis (SPAR-H) performance shaping factors, their levels and multipliers and the nominal tasks. RELIAB ENG SYST SAFE. 2016;145:287-300.##26. Idaho National Laboratory(INL). SPAR-H step-by-step guidance. Washington: 2012.##27. Nazari T, Rabiee A, Ramezani A. Human Error Probability Quantification using SPAR-H Method: Total Loss of Feedwater case study for VVER-1000. Nuclear Engineering and Design. 2018; 331:295-301.##28. Rasekh R. Evaluation of Human Reliability by Standardized Plant Analysis Risk HRA (SPAR-H) method in the Dialysis Process in Ebne Sina Hospital, Shiraz. Iran J Ergon. 2019;7(3):44-56.##29. Pouya AB, Mosavianasl Z, Moradi-Asl E. Analyzing Nurses’ Responsibilities in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Using SHERPA and SPAR-H Techniques. Shiraz E Med J. 2019;20(6).1-9.## ##</REF>
			</REFRENCE>
		</REFRENCES>

	</ARTICLE>


	<ARTICLE> 
		<TitleF>تاثیر مداخله روانشناختی مبتنی بر تنظیم هیجان بر کاهش استرس شغلی در بین پرستاران شاغل در بیمارستان‌های شهر کرمانشاه: مطالعه موردی بیمارستان امام رضا (ع)</TitleF>
		<TitleE>The effect intervention psychological- based on emotional regulation on reduction job stress among nurses working in hospitals kermanshah city: case study of imam reza hospital</TitleE>
		<TitleLang_ID>1</TitleLang_ID>
		<ABSTRACTS>
			<ABSTRACT>
			<Language_ID>1</Language_ID>
			<CONTENT>مقدمه: با توجه به این&#173;که استرس شغلی از مهم&#8204;ترین حوزه&#173;های پرکاربرد و مرتبط با روانشناسی سلامت در محیط کار است؛ بنابراین پژوهش حاضر با هدف تاثیر مداخله روانشناختی مبتنی بر تنظیم هیجان بر کاهش استرس شغلی در بین پرستاران شاغل انجام شد.
روش بررسی: پژوهش حاضر از نوع نیمه آزمایشی با طرح پیش&#173;آزمون و پس&#173;آزمون با گروه کنترل انجام شد. جامعه&#8204;ی آماری شامل تمامی پرستاران شاغل در بیمارستان امام رضا شهر کرمانشاه بودند. حجم نمونه شامل 30 نفر که به روش نمونه&#8204;گیری داوطلبانه انتخاب شدند و به&#8204;صورت تصادفی در دو گروه (15 نفر آزمایش و 15 نفر کنترل) قرار گرفتند. در گام نخست بر روی هر دو گروه پیش&#8204;آزمون، به&#8204;وسیله پرسشنامه&#173;ی استرس شغلی اسیپو اجرا شد و در گام دوم گروه آزمایش در معرض 8 جلسه 90 دقیقه&#173;ای آموزش تنظیم هیجان قرار گرفتند. نهایتاً هر دو گروه مجدداً به پرسشنامه پاسخ دادند. در آخر پرسشنامه&#173;ها با استفاده از تحلیل کواریانس تک متغیره و به&#8204;وسیله نرم&#8204;افزار SPSS 23 تحلیل شدند.
نتایج: نتایج حاصل از تحلیل کواریانس بیانگر آن بود که نمره میانگین مؤلفه&#8204;های استرس شغلی در بین پرستاران گروه آزمایش در مقایسه با گروه کنترل پس از مداخله روانشناختی مبتنی بر تنظیم هیجان، کاهش محسوسی داشت (001/0P&#60;).
نتیجه&#173;گیری: با توجه یافته&#173;ها می&#173;توان گفت که مداخله روانشناختی مبتنی بر تنظیم هیجان بر کاهش استرس شغلی پرستاران مؤثر بود، از این&#173;رو توصیه می&#173;گردد مسئولین مربوطه بر نقش این دسته از مداخلات روانشناختی توجه کنند.</CONTENT>
			</ABSTRACT>
			<ABSTRACT>
			<Language_ID>2</Language_ID>
			<CONTENT>Introduction: Considering that job stress is one of the most commonly used areas related to health psychology in the workplace. Therefore the present study aimed The Effect Intervention Psychological- Based on Emotional Regulation on Reduction Job Stress among Nurses Working in Hospitals Kermanshah City.
Materials and Methods: This study was a quasi-experimental study with a pre-test and post-test design with a control group. The statistical population included all nurses working in Imam Reza hospital in Kermanshah city year 1398. The sample size consisted of 30 people selected by voluntary sampling and randomly divided into two groups (15 experimental &#38; 15 control). At first, both groups were pre-tested by the Osipo Job Stress Questionnaire, and then the experimental group received eight sessions of 90 minutes of emotion regulation training. Finally, both groups responded again to the questionnaire. Data were analyzed using univariate covariance analysis by SPSS-23 software.
Results: The results of the covariance analysis showed that the mean score of job stress components among the experimental group nurses was significantly decreased after the psychological intervention based on emotion regulation (P&#62; 0.001).
Conclusion: According to these findings, it can be said that psychological intervention based on emotion regulation was effective in reducing nurses&#39; job stress, so it is recommended that the relevant authorities pay attention to the role of these psychological interventions.</CONTENT>
			</ABSTRACT>
		</ABSTRACTS>

		<PAGES>
			<PAGE>
			<FPAGE>29</FPAGE>
			<TPAGE>35</TPAGE>
			</PAGE>
		</PAGES>

		<RECEIVE_DATE>
			2019/08/282020/07/152020/03/172019/10/6
		</RECEIVE_DATE>

		<RECEIVE_DATE_FA>
			1398/7/14
		</RECEIVE_DATE_FA>

		<ACCEPT_DATE>
			2020/10/12020/10/12020/08/22020/10/1
		</ACCEPT_DATE>

		<ACCEPT_DATE_FA>
			1399/7/10
		</ACCEPT_DATE_FA>

		<AUTHORS>
			<AUTHOR>
				<Name>پیمان</Name>
				<MidName></MidName>
				<Family>حاتمیان</Family>
				<NameE>Peyman</NameE>
				<MidNameE></MidNameE>
				<FamilyE>Hatamian</FamilyE>
				<Organizations>
				<Organization>دانشجوی دکتری روانشناسی، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران</Organization>
				</Organizations>
				<Countries>
				<Country>ایران</Country>
				</Countries>
				<EMAILS>
				<Email>hatamian152@gmail.com</Email>
				</EMAILS>
			</AUTHOR>

			<AUTHOR>
				<Name>پرستو</Name>
				<MidName></MidName>
				<Family>حاتمیان</Family>
				<NameE>Parastoo</NameE>
				<MidNameE></MidNameE>
				<FamilyE>Hatamian</FamilyE>
				<Organizations>
				<Organization>دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد اقتصاد، دانشکده علوم اجتماعی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران</Organization>
				</Organizations>
				<Countries>
				<Country>ایران</Country>
				</Countries>
				<EMAILS>
				<Email>P.hatamian1375@gmail.com</Email>
				</EMAILS>
			</AUTHOR>
		</AUTHORS>


		<KEYWORDS>
			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>Emotional Regulation Training</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>Job Stress</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>Nurses</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>آموزش تنظیم هیجان</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>استرس شغلی</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>پرستاران</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>
		</KEYWORDS>

		<REFRENCES>
			<REFRENCE>
				<REF>1.	Toobayi Sh, Dagig Afkar M, Hagh Shenas H. Burnout and it`s Relationship with mental health and Personal characteristics of dentists. Journal of Shiraz Medical University. 2009; 10(4): 335-348. [Persian]##2.	Hakanen Jari I, Arnold B, Shaufeli wilmar B. Burnout and work engagement among teachers. Journal of school psychology. 2006; 43(6): 495-513.##3.	Arjmand N, Kashaninia Z, Hosseini M, Rezasoltani P. Effect of Stress Management on Job Stress and Work-Family Conflict among Nurses. Hayat. 2013; 18(4). 81-91. [Persian]##4.	Jenaabadi H, Pilechi L, Salmabadi M, Tayarani Rad A. The Effectiveness of Training Mindfulness Skills in Professional Stress and Psychological Well-being of Female Teachers. ioh. 2017; 13(6):58-69. [Persian]##5.	Sepehri Nezhad M, Hatamian P. The prediction of academic burnout based on the emotion dysregulation and social support in nursing students. Educ Strategy Med Sci. 2018; 11 (1):59-65. [Persian]##6.	fatehi F, mohammadi M, karimian M, azmon M, shahabi H, gharibi F. The Relationship between Job Stress and Self-Efficacy and Public Health of Nurses and Midwives in the Besat Hospital. Shenakht Journal of Psychology and Psychiatry. 2015; 2(3):100-111. [Persian]##7.	Vafapoor H, Zakiei A, Hatamian P, Bagheri A. Correlation of Sleep Quality with Emotional Regulation and Repetitive Negative Thoughts: A Casual Model in Pregnant Women. J Kermanshah Univ Med Sci. 2018; 22(3): e81747. doi: 10.5812/jkums.81747.##8.	Karami J, Momeni KM, Hatamian P. The relationship between emotion dysregulation with psychoactive substance abuse in nurses working at hospitals of Kermanshah Iran 2016. Bali Medical Journal. 2017; 6(3): 502-506. DOI:10.15562/bmj.v6i3.640##9.	Engen H, Anderson M. Memory Control: A Fundamental Mechanism of Emotion Regulation. trends in cognation sciences. 2018; 22(11): 982-995.##10.	Gross JJ, Barrett LF. Emotion generation and emotion regulation: one or two depends on your point of view. Emot. Rev. 2011; 3: 8–16.##11.	Kring AM Slovan DM. Emotion Regulation and Psychopathology. A New York Division of Guilford Publications 2011: 94-100.##12.	Naragon-Gainey K, McMahon TP, Chacko, TP. The structure of common emotion regulation strategies: a meta-analytic examination. Psychol. Bull. 2017; 143(4): 384–427.##13.	Salehi A, Baghban I, Bahrami F, Ahmadi A. The effect of emotion regulation training based on dialectical behavior therapy and gross process model on symptoms of emotional problems. Zahedan J Res Med Sci (ZJRMS). 2012; 14(2): 49-55. [Persian]##14.	Hatamian P, Karami J, Momeni K. Relationship Between Perceived Social Support (Family, Friends and Other Important People) With the Tendency of Using Psychotropic Substances Among the Nurses of Hospitals in Kermanshah City . Iran J Health Educ Health Promot. 2017; 5 (4):367-373. [Persian]##15.	Delaware A. Research Methods in Psychology and Educational Sciences. Tehran: Virayesh; 2014. [Persian]##16.	Osipow SH, Spokane AR. Occupational stress inventory-revised. Odessa, FL: Psychological. 1998:1-15.##17.	Hosseinaei A, Ahadi H, Fata L, Heidarei A, Mazaheri MM. Effects of Group Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT)-Based Training on Job Stress and Burnout, Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology. 2013; 19(2):109-20. [persian]##18.	Azadi M M, Akbari Balootbangan A, Vaezfar S S, Rahimi M. The Role of Coping styles and Self-efficacy in Nurses Job Stress in Hospital IJPN. 2014; 2 (2):22-32. [Persian]##19.	Brackett MA, Palomera R, Mojsa‐Kaja J, Reyes MR, Salovey P. Emotion‐regulation ability, burnout, and job satisfaction among British secondary‐school teachers. Psychology in the Schools. 2010; 47(4):406-17. [Persian]##20.	Perrewe P L, Rosen C. The role of emotion and Emotion‐regulation in Job Stress and well-being, Emerald group publishing. 2013; 1(11): 11016.## ##</REF>
			</REFRENCE>
		</REFRENCES>

	</ARTICLE>


	<ARTICLE> 
		<TitleF>بررسی شاخص توانایی انجام کار (WAI) و ارتباط آن با حداکثر اکسیژن مصرفی (VO2max) در بین کارکنان یک صنعت سیمان</TitleF>
		<TitleE>Investigation of work ability index (WAI) and its relationship with maximal aerobic capacity (VO2max) among cement industry employer</TitleE>
		<TitleLang_ID>1</TitleLang_ID>
		<ABSTRACTS>
			<ABSTRACT>
			<Language_ID>1</Language_ID>
			<CONTENT>مقدمه: با توجه به اهمیت انطباق توانمندی&#173;های فیزیکی و روانی کارگران بر نیازهای شغلی آنان؛ سنجش میزان توانایی کار، حفظ و ارتقاء آن به یک امر بسیار مهم تبدیل&#8204;شده است. این مطالعه با هدف بررسی شاخص توانایی کار (WAI) و بررسی ارتباط با آن حداکثر اکسیژن مصرفی (Vo2max) در یکی از شرکت&#8204;های تولید سیمان انجام شد.
روش بررسی: مطالعه مقطعی در بین 130 نفر از کارکنان شاغل در یک شرکت سیمان در سال 1397 در ایران انجام شد. برای جمع&#8204;آوری اطلاعات از پرسشنامه استاندارد شاخص توانایی کار، آزمون تست پله کوئین برای حداکثر اکسیژن مصرفی و یک پرسشنامه طراحی شده توسط محققان (عوامل اجتماعی-جمعیت شناختی و مرتبط با کار) استفاده شد. به&#8204;منظور تجزیه و تحلیل داده&#173;ها از نرم&#8204;افزار SPSS ویرایش 21 استفاده شد.
نتایج: میانگین شاخص توانایی کار در مطالعه حاضر برابر با 64/4&#177;52/39 محاسبه گردید. در بین متغیرهای جمعیت شناختی و مرتبط با کار مورد مطالعه، فعالیت ورزشی (04/0 &#62; P) و کیفیت خواب (001/0 &#62;P ) و سابقه کاری (046/0 &#62;P ) ارتباط معنی&#8204;داری با WAI داشتند. ارتباط معنی&#8204;&#8204;دار مثبتی بین میانگین نمره WAI و Vo2max وجود داشت (05/0P &#60;، 21/0 = r). مدل&#8204;سازی رگرسیونی حاکی از آن بود که Vo2max تنها پیش&#8204;بینی&#8204;کننده معنی&#8204;دار WAI بود.
نتیجه&#8204;گیری: با توجه به نتایج مطالعه حاضر، برای کنترل و ارتقای سطح توانایی کار، برنامه&#8204;های مداخله&#8204;ای شغلی باید بر ارتقای کیفیت خواب و افزایش فعالیت ورزشی کارکنان متمرکز شود. همچنین با توجه به ارتباط مثبت Vo2max بر WAI پیشنهاد می&#8204;شود با توجه به بارکاری شغل، کارکنانی انتخاب شوند که از نظر ظرفیت هوازی متناسب با آن باشند.</CONTENT>
			</ABSTRACT>
			<ABSTRACT>
			<Language_ID>2</Language_ID>
			<CONTENT>Introduction:&#160;Given the importance of adapting workers&#39; physical and mental capabilities to their job needs, measuring their ability to work, maintaining, and upgrading, it has become an essential task. This study aimed to investigate WAI and its relationship with VO2max at one of the cement companies.
Materials and Methods:&#160;This cross-sectional study was conducted among 130 employees of a cement company in Iran in 2018. For data collection, the WAI, Queens&#39;s test for maximum oxygen consumption, and a questionnaire designed by researchers (socio-demographic and work-related factors) were used. SPSS 21 was used to analyze the data.&#160;
Results:&#160;The results showed that the mean &#177; standard deviation of WAI&#160;in staff was 39.35 &#177; 4.64. Among the demographic and related variables, sports activity (P &#62; 0.04) and sleep quality (P &#60; 0.001), and work experience (P&#62; 0.046) were significantly correlated with WAI. There was a significant positive correlation between the mean score of WAI and Vo2max (r = 0.21, p &#60; 0.05). Regression modeling showed that Vo2max was the only significant predictor of WAI.
Conclusion:&#160;According to the results of the study, to control and enhance the ability of the staff of the study, occupational intervention programs should focus on improving sleep quality and increased exercise. Also, considering the positive relationship of Vo2max to the WAI of the surveyed staff, it is recommended to select suitable employees in terms of aerobic capacity according to the workload of the job.</CONTENT>
			</ABSTRACT>
		</ABSTRACTS>

		<PAGES>
			<PAGE>
			<FPAGE>36</FPAGE>
			<TPAGE>46</TPAGE>
			</PAGE>
		</PAGES>

		<RECEIVE_DATE>
			2019/08/282020/07/152020/03/172019/10/62020/04/28
		</RECEIVE_DATE>

		<RECEIVE_DATE_FA>
			1399/2/9
		</RECEIVE_DATE_FA>

		<ACCEPT_DATE>
			2020/10/12020/10/12020/08/22020/10/12020/10/1
		</ACCEPT_DATE>

		<ACCEPT_DATE_FA>
			1399/7/10
		</ACCEPT_DATE_FA>

		<AUTHORS>
			<AUTHOR>
				<Name>مریم</Name>
				<MidName></MidName>
				<Family>کاوسیان</Family>
				<NameE>Maryam</NameE>
				<MidNameE></MidNameE>
				<FamilyE>Kavousian</FamilyE>
				<Organizations>
				<Organization>گروه مهندسی بهداشت حرفه ای، دانشکدۀ بهداشت و ایمنی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران</Organization>
				</Organizations>
				<Countries>
				<Country>ایران</Country>
				</Countries>
				<EMAILS>
				<Email>maryamkavyan@yahoo.com</Email>
				</EMAILS>
			</AUTHOR>

			<AUTHOR>
				<Name>علی</Name>
				<MidName></MidName>
				<Family>صالحی سهل آبادی</Family>
				<NameE>Ali</NameE>
				<MidNameE></MidNameE>
				<FamilyE>Salehi Sahlabadi</FamilyE>
				<Organizations>
				<Organization>گروه مهندسی بهداشت حرفه ای، دانشکدۀ بهداشت و ایمنی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران</Organization>
				</Organizations>
				<Countries>
				<Country>ایران</Country>
				</Countries>
				<EMAILS>
				<Email>asalehi529@sbmu.ac.ir</Email>
				</EMAILS>
			</AUTHOR>

			<AUTHOR>
				<Name>محمد جواد</Name>
				<MidName></MidName>
				<Family>جعفری</Family>
				<NameE>Mohammad Javad</NameE>
				<MidNameE></MidNameE>
				<FamilyE>Jafari</FamilyE>
				<Organizations>
				<Organization>گروه مهندسی بهداشت حرفه ای، دانشکدۀ بهداشت و ایمنی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران</Organization>
				</Organizations>
				<Countries>
				<Country>ایران</Country>
				</Countries>
				<EMAILS>
				<Email>jafari1951@yahoo.com</Email>
				</EMAILS>
			</AUTHOR>

			<AUTHOR>
				<Name>سهیلا</Name>
				<MidName></MidName>
				<Family>خداکریم</Family>
				<NameE>Soheila</NameE>
				<MidNameE></MidNameE>
				<FamilyE>Khodakarim</FamilyE>
				<Organizations>
				<Organization>گروه آمار زیستی، دانشکده بهداشت و ایمنی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی تهران، تهران، ایران.</Organization>
				</Organizations>
				<Countries>
				<Country>ایران</Country>
				</Countries>
				<EMAILS>
				<Email>lkhodakarm@gmail.com</Email>
				</EMAILS>
			</AUTHOR>

			<AUTHOR>
				<Name>حدیثه</Name>
				<MidName></MidName>
				<Family>ربیعی</Family>
				<NameE>Hadiseh</NameE>
				<MidNameE></MidNameE>
				<FamilyE>Rabiei</FamilyE>
				<Organizations>
				<Organization>گروه مهندسی بهداشت حرفه ای، دانشکدۀ بهداشت و ایمنی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران</Organization>
				</Organizations>
				<Countries>
				<Country>ایران</Country>
				</Countries>
				<EMAILS>
				<Email>hadisehrabei@gmail.com</Email>
				</EMAILS>
			</AUTHOR>
		</AUTHORS>


		<KEYWORDS>
			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>Work ability index</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>Maximal aerobic capacity</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>Cement industry</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>شاخص توانایی انجام کار</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>حداکثر اکسیژن مصرفی</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>صنعت سیمان</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>
		</KEYWORDS>

		<REFRENCES>
			<REFRENCE>
				<REF>1.	Ordudari Z, Habibi E, Sharifian Z. The Relationship between the Work Ability Index with Grip and Pinch Strength in Kitchen Workers. Journal of Health. 2018;9(3):347-57.##2.	Sörensen LE, Pekkonen MM, Männikkö KH, Louhevaara VA, Smolander J, Alén MJ. Associations between work ability, health-related quality of life, physical activity and fitness among middle-aged men. Applied ergonomics. 2008;39(6):786-91.##3.	Mokarami H, Stallones L, Nazifi M, Taghavi SM. The role of psychosocial and physical work-related factors on the health-related quality of life of Iranian industrial workers. Work. 2016;55(2):441-52.##4.	Saremi M, Pakghohar A. Work ability and its relation with productivity in bank staff. Iran Occupational Health. 2017;13(6):70-8.##5.	Akbari F, Fazli B, Jafari H, Almasi Z. The Relationship Between Work Ability Index and Individual Characteristics of Zabol Cement Company Employees in 2017: A Short Report %J Journal of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences. 2018;17(5):485-92.##6.	Hajizadeh F, Motamedzade M, Golmohammadi R, Soltanian A. Work ability assessment and its relationship with severity of musculoskeletal disorders among workers in a cement plant %J Journal of Occupational Hygiene Engineering. 2015;2(2):15-22.##7.	Mokarami H, Mortazavi SB, Asgari A, Choobineh A, Stallones L. Multiple dimensions of work-related risk factors and their relationship to work ability among industrial workers in Iran. Int J Occup Saf Ergon. 2017;23(3):374-9.##8.	Saedpanah K, Eskandary T, Moatamedzade M. Study the relation between Work Ability Index and Life Style in Mechanics of Thermal power plant. Journal of Occupational Hygiene Engineering. 2016;3(3):47-55.##9.	Arghavani F, TEIMOURI G, Ebrahimi K, JAVANMARDI M, RAHMANI K. Estimation of Maximal Aerobic Capacity (VO2-max) and Study of its Associated Factors among Industrial Male Workers in Snandaj city/Kurdistan Province2013. 2014.##10.	Nabi T, Rafiq N, Qayoom O. Assessment of cardiovascular fitness [VO2 max] among medical students by Queens College step test. Int J Biomed Adv Res. 2015;6(5):418-21.##11.	Khavanin A, Malakouti J, Gharibi V, Khanjani N, Mokarami H, Ebrahimi MH. Using Work Ability Index and work-related stress to evaluate the physical and mental fitness of Iranian telecom tower climbers. Journal of injury and violence research. 2018;10(2):105.##12.	Gharibi V, Mokarami H, Taban A, Aval MY, Samimi K, Salesi M. Effects of work-related stress on work ability index among Iranian workers. Safety and health at work. 2016;7(1):43-8.##13.	Hashemi Habybabady R, Ghaderi N, Rahmani R, Mohammadi M. Estimation of Maximum Aerobic Capacity and its Related Factors Using Treadmill Test in Firefighters of Zahedan. Journal of North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences. 2018;10(1):1-8.##14.	Ravasi A, Khourshidi D, Fashi S, Karcon M. Correlation among the aerobic tests of shuttle run, 1-mile track jog and queen step for vo2 max estimation of 16-17 years old school boys. 2004.##15.	Alavi nia S.M. and Hosseini S.H. Work ability index as an important tool in occupational health and occupational medicine to identify early exit of the workplace. Journal of North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences. 2011;2(2):49-533.##16.	Mcardle WD, Katch FI, Pechar GS, Jacobson L, Ruck S. Reliability and interrelationships between maximal oxygen intake, physical work capacity and step-test scores in college women. Medicine and science in sports. 1972;4(4):182-6.##17.	Alavinia SM, De Boer A, Van Duivenbooden J, Frings-Dresen M, Burdorf A. Determinants of work ability and its predictive value for disability. Occupational Medicine. 2008;59(1):32-7.##18.	Rotenberg L, Portela LF, Banks B, Griep RH, Fischer FM, Landsbergis P. A gender approach to work ability and its relationship to professional and domestic work hours among nursing personnel. Applied ergonomics. 2008;39(5):646-52.##19.	Camerino D, Conway PM, Van der Heijden BIJM, Estryn‐Behar M, Consonni D, Gould D, et al. Low‐perceived work ability, ageing and intention to leave nursing: a comparison among 10 European countries. Journal of advanced nursing. 2006;56(5):542-52.##20.	Tuomi K, Vanhala S, Nykyri E, Janhonen M. Organizational practices, work demands and the well-being of employees: a follow-up study in the metal industry and retail trade. Occupational Medicine. 2004;54(2):115-21.##21.	Goedhard RG, Goedhard WJ, editors. Extending the working life. Promotion of Work Ability towards Productive Aging: Selected papers of the 3rd International Symposium on Work Ability, Hanoi, Vietnam, 22-24 October 2007; 2008: CRC Press.##22.	Kumashiro M. Promotion of Work Ability Towards Productive Aging: Selected Papers of the 3rd International Symposium on Work Ability, Hanoi, Vietnam, 22-24 October 2007: CRC Press; 2008.##23.	Nachiappan N, Harrison J, editors. Work ability among health care workers in the United Kingdom: A pilot. International Congress Series; 2005: Elsevier.##24.	Gould R, Ilmarinen J, Järvisalo J, Koskinen S. Dimensions of W. 2008.##25.	Sormunen E, Remes J, Hassi J, PIENIMÄKI T, RINTAMÄKI H. Factors associated with self-estimated work ability and musculoskeletal symptoms among male and female workers in cooled food-processing facilities. Industrial health. 2009;47(3):271-82.##26.	Gharibi V, Mokarami H, Taban A, Yazdani Aval M, Samimi K, Salesi M. Effects of Work-Related Stress on Work Ability Index among Iranian Workers. Saf Health Work. 2016;7(1):43-8.##27.	Eyvazlou M, Mazloumi A, Farshad A, Hoseini F. Analytical evaluation of work ability index and its determining factors among workers of a car manufacturing industry. Iran Occupational Health. 2012;9(2):40-9.##28.	Sampaio RF, Coelho CM, Barbosa FB, Mancini MC, Parreira VF. Work ability and stress in a bus transportation company in Belo Horizonte, Brazil. Ciência &amp; Saúde Coletiva. 2009;14(1):287-96.##29.	W. J. Goedhard. “Work ability and aging of employees in a metalworking company,” presented at the Le travail,. 2000;12(3):48-58.##30.	Estryn-Behar M, Kreutz G, Le Nezet O, Mouchot L, Camerino D, Salles R, et al., editors. Promotion of work ability among French health care workers—value of the work ability index. International Congress Series; 2005: Elsevier.##31.	Ilmarinen J, Tuomi K, Seitsamo J, editors. New dimensions of work ability. International Congress Series; 2005: Elsevier.##32.	Mokarami H, Taghavi S, Taban E. Psychosocial factors and Their Relationship to Health-Related Quality of Life in an industrial factory in Yasuj City. Iran Occupational Health Journal. 2016;12(6):69-80.##33.	Punakallio A, Lindholm H, Luukkonen R, Lusa S. Lifestyle factors predicting changes in aerobic capacity of aging firefighters at 3-and 13-year follow-ups. Journal of occupational and environmental medicine. 2012;54(9):1133-41.##34.	Choobineh A, Barzideh M, Gholami T, Amiri R, Tabatabaei H, Almasi Hashyanie A. Estimation of aerobic capacity (Vo2-max) and study of its associated factors among male workers of industrial factories in Sepidan/Fars province, 2009. Jundishapur scientific medical Journal. 2011.##35.	Reilly T, Secher N, Snell P, Williams C, Williams C. Physiology of sports: Routledge; 2005.##36.	Kaleta D, Makowiec-Dąbrowska T, Jegier A. Leisure-time physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness and work ability: A study in randomly selected residents of Łódź. Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2004;17(4):457-64.## ##</REF>
			</REFRENCE>
		</REFRENCES>

	</ARTICLE>


	<ARTICLE> 
		<TitleF>نقش فعالیت بدنی بر فاکتورهای خونی، نیم‌رخ چربی و آنزیم‌های کبدی کارگران کارخانه کاشی (مطالعه موردی)</TitleF>
		<TitleE>The role of physical activity on blood factors, lipid profile, and liver enzymes of tile factory workers (A Case Study)</TitleE>
		<TitleLang_ID>1</TitleLang_ID>
		<ABSTRACTS>
			<ABSTRACT>
			<Language_ID>1</Language_ID>
			<CONTENT>مقدمه: استنشاق ذرات گرد و غبار، مستعد ابتلا به بیماری&#8204;های مزمن هستند و تمرینات منظم ورزشی سبب کاهش خطر عوامل قلبی عروقی و بهبود متغیرهای خونی می&#8204;شود از این&#8204;رو، هدف از این تحقیق بررسی نقش فعالیت بدنی بر فاکتورهای خونی، نیم&#8204;رخ چربی و آنزیم&#8204;های کبدی کارگران کارخانه کاشی است.
روش بررسی: این مطالعه از نوع مقطعی می&#8204;باشد، 70 نفر از کارگران که شرایط حضور در مطالعه را داشتند، بر اساس روش نمونه&#173;گیری در دسترس در محل طب&#173;کار انتخاب شدند. از این تعداد، بر اساس پرسشنامه بک تعداد 15 نفر در گروه غیرفعال و 15 نفر در گروه فعال قرار گرفتند. بعد از گذشت 12 ساعت ناشتا از کارگران مقدار ده میلی&#173;لیتر خون سیاهرگی برای بررسی متغیرهای بیوشیمیایی فاکتورهای خونی (گلبول&#8204;های قرمز خون، هماتوکریت، هموگلوبین، گلبول&#8204;های سفید خون)، نیمرخ چربی (کلسترول و تری&#173;گلیسیرید) و آنزیم&#8204;های کبدی (آلانین آمینو ترانسفراز ALT)، آسپارتات آمینوترانسفراز (AST)، آلکالین فسفاتاز (ALP) در آزمایشگاه طب&#173;کار شهرستان میبد انجام شد و برای تجزیه و تحلیل داده&#8204;ها از نرم&#8204;افزار SPSS23 استفاده شد.
نتایج: نتایج نشان داد، گلبول&#8204;های قرمز خون (003/0p =)، هموگلوبین (034/p=) در گروه فعال نسبت به گروه غیرفعال، به&#8204;طور معنی&#173;داری بیشتر بود. همچنین تری&#173;گلیسیرید (025/ p=)، کلسترول (042/0 p=) و آنزیم&#8204;های کبدی، (011/0=p)ALT و AST (047/0=p) به&#8204;صورت معنی&#8204;داری کمتر بود.
نتیجه&#173;گیری: به نظر می&#8204;رسد فعالیت ورزشی می&#8204;تواند عاملی اثرگذار بر بهبود فاکتورهای خونی، آنزیم&#8204;های کبدی و نیمرخ چربی در کارگران داشته باشد و با توجه به نتایج این تحقیق کارگران کارخانه کاشی می&#8204;توانند با حداقل فعالیت بدنی نتایج مطلوبی را در بهبود متغیرهای تحقیق داشته باشند.</CONTENT>
			</ABSTRACT>
			<ABSTRACT>
			<Language_ID>2</Language_ID>
			<CONTENT>Introduction:&#160;Inhalation of dust particles is prone to chronic diseases, and regular exercise reduces the risk of cardiovascular disease and improves blood variables. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of physical activity on blood factors, lipid profile, and liver enzymes in tile factory workers.
Materials and Methods: This is a cross-sectional study. 70 workers who were eligible to participate in the study were selected based on the sampling method available at the workplace. According to the Beck questionnaire, 15 people were included in each active and inactive groups. After 12 hours of worker&#39;s last meal, 10 ml of venous blood was used to evaluate biochemical variables of Blood factors (RBC, Hematocrit, Hemoglobin, WBC), lipid profile (Cholesterol, Triglyceride). Liver enzyme (ALT, AST, ALP) tests of both groups were performed in the occupational medicine laboratory of Meybod city, and SPSS Ver.23 software was used for analysis.
Results:&#160;The results showed that red blood cells (p = 0.003) and hemoglobin (p = 0.034) in the active group were significantly higher than the inactive group. Also triglyceride (p = 0.025) and cholesterol (p = 0.042) of liver enzymes, (p = 0.011) ALT and AST (p = 0.047) were significantly lower.
Conclusion:&#160;It seems that physical activity can have a positive effect; it can improve blood factors, liver enzymes, and fat profile in workers. According to the results, tile factory workers can achieve the desired blood factors with minimal physical activity.</CONTENT>
			</ABSTRACT>
		</ABSTRACTS>

		<PAGES>
			<PAGE>
			<FPAGE>47</FPAGE>
			<TPAGE>58</TPAGE>
			</PAGE>
		</PAGES>

		<RECEIVE_DATE>
			2019/08/282020/07/152020/03/172019/10/62020/04/282020/03/24
		</RECEIVE_DATE>

		<RECEIVE_DATE_FA>
			1399/1/5
		</RECEIVE_DATE_FA>

		<ACCEPT_DATE>
			2020/10/12020/10/12020/08/22020/10/12020/10/12020/10/1
		</ACCEPT_DATE>

		<ACCEPT_DATE_FA>
			1399/7/10
		</ACCEPT_DATE_FA>

		<AUTHORS>
			<AUTHOR>
				<Name>محمد حسن</Name>
				<MidName></MidName>
				<Family>دشتی خویدکی</Family>
				<NameE>Mohammad Hassaan</NameE>
				<MidNameE></MidNameE>
				<FamilyE>Dashty khavidaki</FamilyE>
				<Organizations>
				<Organization>استادیار فیزیولوژی ورزشی، گروه تربیت بدنی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران ، ایران</Organization>
				</Organizations>
				<Countries>
				<Country>ایران</Country>
				</Countries>
				<EMAILS>
				<Email>Dashty54@gmail.com</Email>
				</EMAILS>
			</AUTHOR>

			<AUTHOR>
				<Name>امیر عباس</Name>
				<MidName></MidName>
				<Family>مینایی فر</Family>
				<NameE>Amir Abbas</NameE>
				<MidNameE></MidNameE>
				<FamilyE>Minaeifar</FamilyE>
				<Organizations>
				<Organization>استادیار، دانشکده علوم پایه، گروه زیست‌شناسی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران</Organization>
				</Organizations>
				<Countries>
				<Country>ایران</Country>
				</Countries>
				<EMAILS>
				<Email>aaminaeifar@gmail.com</Email>
				</EMAILS>
			</AUTHOR>

			<AUTHOR>
				<Name>فاطمه</Name>
				<MidName></MidName>
				<Family>راسخ</Family>
				<NameE>Fatemeh</NameE>
				<MidNameE></MidNameE>
				<FamilyE>Rasekh</FamilyE>
				<Organizations>
				<Organization>استادیار، دانشکده علوم پایه، گروه زیست‌شناسی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران</Organization>
				</Organizations>
				<Countries>
				<Country>ایران</Country>
				</Countries>
				<EMAILS>
				<Email>physiology39@yahoo.com</Email>
				</EMAILS>
			</AUTHOR>

			<AUTHOR>
				<Name>علیرضا</Name>
				<MidName></MidName>
				<Family>باغیان</Family>
				<NameE>Alireza</NameE>
				<MidNameE></MidNameE>
				<FamilyE>Baghiani</FamilyE>
				<Organizations>
				<Organization>کارشناسی ارشد، گروه مدیریت، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران</Organization>
				</Organizations>
				<Countries>
				<Country>ایران</Country>
				</Countries>
				<EMAILS>
				<Email>abpnu@yahoo.com</Email>
				</EMAILS>
			</AUTHOR>
		</AUTHORS>


		<KEYWORDS>
			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>Workers</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>Exercise</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>Blood factors</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>Fat Profile</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>Liver enzymes</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>کارگران</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>ورزش</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>فاکتورهای خونی</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>نیمرخ چربی</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>آنزیم‌های کبدی</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>
		</KEYWORDS>

		<REFRENCES>
			<REFRENCE>
				<REF>1.	Ryahi Samani M. Investigation of application precipitations in treatment output gas in cement factories. American Journal of Environmental Sciences. 2007;3(3):166-74.##2.	Azimi M, Mansouri Y, Rezai Hachasu V, Aminaei F, MihanPour H, Zare Sakhvidi MJ. Assessment of respiratory exposure of workers with airborne particles in a ceramic tile industry: a case study. Occupational Medicine Quarterly Journal. 2018;10(1):45-53. [persian]##3.	Almasi A, Asadi F, Mohamadi M, Farhadi F, Atafar Z, Khamutian R, et al. Survey of Pollutant emissions from stack of Saman cement factory of Kermanshah city from year 2011 to 2012. Journal of Health in the Field. 2013;1(2). [persian]##4.	Brandi G, Di Girolamo S, Farioli A, de Rosa F, Curti S, Pinna AD, et al. Asbestos: a hidden player behind the cholangiocarcinoma increase? Findings from a case-control analysis. Cancer causes &amp; control : CCC. 2013;24(5):911-8.##5.	Bunderson-Schelvan M, Pfau JC, Crouch R, Holian A. Nonpulmonary outcomes of asbestos exposure. Journal of toxicology and environmental health Part B, Critical reviews. 2011;14(1-4):122-52.##6.	Afaghi A, Oryan S, Abdollahi M, Rahzani K, Malekirad A, Kakooie H. Pulmonary Function and Haematological Factors in Workers Exposed to Asbestos in Asbestos-Cement Plant. Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences. 2014;17(7):1-11. [persian]##7.	Zar A, Hosseini SA, Homaion A. Effect of Eight-Week Aquagymnastic Training on Liver Enzymes and Lipid Profile of Middle-Aged Women. Qom Univ Med Sci J. 2016;10(7):29-37. [persian]##8.	Gastausen R. Movement Therapy, Prevention, Rehabilitation and Treatment; Province Publications;Translated by Ahmad Ebrahimi Mozaffari, Ghods Razavi; 1998.##9.	Nikpour S, Rahimiha F, Haghani H. Comparing the status of sport activities in women and men working at iran university of medical sciences and health services. Razi Journal Of Medical Sciences (Journal Of Iran University of Medical Sciences). 2006;13(52):205-216. [persian]##10.	Varaeva YR, Livantsova EN, Polenova NV, Kosyura SD, Nikitjuk DB, Starodubova AV. Characteristics of Blood Lipid Profiles of Professional Athletes: A Literature Review. Current Pharmaceutical Design. 2020;26(1):98-102.##11.	Chezani Sharahi A, Samavati Sharif MA. A Comparison of Three Selected Training Methods of Physical Fitness on Hematological Factors of Adolescent Soccer Players. Sport Physiology &amp; Management Investigations. 2015;7(1):73-83. [persian]##12.	Ahmadizad S, El-Sayed MS. The effects of graded resistance exercise on platelet aggregation and activation. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2003;35(6):1026-32. [persian]##13.	Karakoc Y, Duzova H, Polat A, Emre MH, Arabaci I. Effects of training period on haemorheological variables in regularly trained footballers. British journal of sports medicine. 2005;39(2):e4-e.##14.	Mousavizadeh MS, Ebrahimi K, Nikbakht H. Effect of one period of selective aerobic training on hematological indexes of girls. The Scientific Journal of Iranian Blood Transfusion Organization. 2009;6(3):227-31. [persian]##15.	Norouzi F, Doulah A, Rafieirad M. Effects of Four Week Consumption of Lemon (Citrus limon L.) Essential Oil with Swimming Training on Lipid Profile and Lipid Peroxidation in Adult Male Mice. Iranian Journal of Nutrition Sciences &amp; Food Technology. 2020;14(4):1-8. [persian]##16.	Collins M. England: Sport for All as a multifaceted product of domestic and international influences. Worldwide experiences and trends in Sport for All. 2002:493-522.##17.	Omagari K, Kadokawa Y, Masuda J, Egawa I, Sawa T, Hazama H, et al. Fatty liver in non-alcoholic non-overweight Japanese adults: incidence and clinical characteristics. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2002;17(10):1098-105.##18.	Rafighi L, Zamani Sani SH, Bashiri M, Fathirezaie Z. Assessing the Relationship between Physical Activity and Life Satisfaction among Women: Path Analysis Model. Journal of Health Promotion Management. 2017;6(2):50-8. [persian]##19.	Shamsoddini A, Sobhani V, Chehreh MEG, Alavian SM, Zaree A. Effect of Aerobic and Resistance Exercise Training on Liver Enzymes and Hepatic Fat in Iranian Men With Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Hepatitis monthly. 2015;15(10). [persian]##20.	SAREMI A, Shavandi N, Shahrjerdi  S, Mahmoudi Z. The Effect of Aerobic Training with Vitamin D Supplementation on Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Obese Women. Journal of Cell &amp; Tissue. 2014;4(winter):389-96. [persian]##21.	Ghanbari Niaki  A, Mohammadi S. &quot;The effect of 4 weeks of anaerobic training (REST) on hematological changes in male boxers.&quot;. Journal of Applied Exercise Physiology. 2009;5(10):75-87.##22.	Savucu Y. Effect of long-term training on physical and hematological values in young female handball players. African Journal of Microbiology Research. 2012;6. [persian]##23.	Bobeuf F, Labonte M, Khalil A, Dionne IJ. Effect of resistance training on hematological blood markers in older men and women: a pilot study. Current gerontology and geriatrics research. 2009:156820.##24.	Sheikh al-Islami Watani D, Falahi F, Tabaei R. Effect of six weeks resistance training with different exercise order on hematological variables in overweight women. Physiology of exercise and physical activity. 2019;19(11):45-56. [persian]##25.	Mohammad Najad Panah Kandi Y, Mohammad Najad Panah Kandi A, Shahidi F, Masoudian B. The effect of a maximal aerobic exercise session in the morning and afternoon on certain hematological factors in young athletes. Razi Journal of Medical Sciences. 2013;20(106):20-9. [persian]##26.	Hosseinpour Motlagh Z, Hosseini Kakhak  SA, Taratibian B. Effect of resistance training and non-training on fibrinogen, plasma concentration and blood cells in obese girls. Journal of Sport and Biomedical Sciences. 2009;1(2):27-37. [persian]##27.	Heffernan KS, Fahs CA, Shinsako KK, Jae SY, Fernhall B. Heart rate recovery and heart rate complexity following resistance exercise training and detraining in young men. American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology. 2007;293(5):H3180-H6.##28.	Mairbäurl H. Red blood cells in sports: Effects of exercise and training on oxygen supply by red blood cells. Frontiers in Physiology. 2013;4(332).##29.	Heidari A, Kargarfard M, Jali M. Effects of a period of selected aerobic exercise on the levels of hemoglobin, hematocrit and red blood cells in pregnant women. Koomesh. 2011;13(1(41)):127-134. [persian]##30.	saliyanh MA, Gaine AA. Comparison of the effect of two alternate and continuous aerobic exercise on changes in erythropoietin hormone concentration. Research in Sport Science. 2008;13(4):113-22. [persian]##31.	Laughlin MH, Davis MJ, Secher NH, van Lieshout JJ, Arce‐Esquivel AA, Simmons GH, et al. Peripheral circulation. Comprehensive Physiology. 2011;2(1):321-447.##32.	Gleeson M. Interrelationship between physical activity and branched-chain amino acids. The Journal of nutrition. 2005;135(6 Suppl):1591s-5s.##33.	Foroutan Y, Pehpoor N, Tadibi V, Danashyar S. The Effect of 8 Weeks of Concurrent Training on Serum Leptin Levels, Lipid Profiles and Body Composition of Overweight Inactive Men. Quarterly of Horizon of Medical Sciences. 2019;25(1):57-63. [persian]##34.	Azarbayjani M-A, Abedi B. Comparison of Aerobic, Resistance and Concurrent Exercise on Lipid Profiles and Adiponectin in Sedentary Men. 2012. 2012. [persian]##35.	Gharari Arefi R, Hemati Nafar M, Kordi MR. The Effect of a High Intensity Interval Training Program on Lipid Profile in Sedentary Young Men. Journal of Sport Biosciences. 2014;6(3):259-72. [persian]##36.	Lalonde L, Gray-Donald K, Lowensteyn I, Marchand S, Dorais M, Michaels G, et al. Comparing the benefits of diet and exercise in the treatment of dyslipidemia. Preventive medicine. 2002;35(1):16-24.##37.	Whyte LJ, Gill JM, Cathcart AJ. Effect of 2 weeks of sprint interval training on health-related outcomes in sedentary overweight/obese men. Metabolism: clinical and experimental. 2010;59(10):1421-8.##38.	Hallsworth K, Fattakhova G, Hollingsworth KG, Thoma C, Moore S, Taylor R, et al. Resistance exercise reduces liver fat and its mediators in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease independent of weight loss. Gut. 2011:gut. 2011.242073.##39.	Banitalebi E, Mardaniyan Ghahfarrokhi M, Faramarzi M, Nasiri S. The Effect of 10 Weeks of Sprint Interval Training on New Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Markers in Overweight Middle-Aged Women with Type 2 Diabetes: A Clinical Trial. Journal of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences. 2018;17(6):495-510. [persian]## ##</REF>
			</REFRENCE>
		</REFRENCES>

	</ARTICLE>


	<ARTICLE> 
		<TitleF>ارزیابی ریسک تعمیرات خطوط لوله گاز به روش FMEA با انجام مداخله و تعیین شاخص‌های پایش عملکرد ایمنی در یکی از شرکت‌های بهره‌برداری نفت و گاز سال 92-1391</TitleF>
		<TitleE>Risk assessment with intervention of gas pipelines repair using FMEA method and determination of safety performance monitoring: a case for a gas and oil operating company in 2012-13</TitleE>
		<TitleLang_ID>1</TitleLang_ID>
		<ABSTRACTS>
			<ABSTRACT>
			<Language_ID>1</Language_ID>
			<CONTENT>مقدمه: حوادث ناشی از کار، صدمات جبران&#8204;ناپذیری را به سرمایه ملی وارد می&#8204;کند و لازم است جهت حفظ و صیانت نیروی انسانی و کاهش حوادث، یکسری اقدامات پیشگیرانه قبل از وقوع لحاظ گردد. هدف از این تحقیق بررسی مغایرت&#8204;های ایمنی به روش FMEA و تعیین شاخص&#8204;های پایش عملکرد ایمنی در پروژه تعمیرات اساسی می&#8204;باشد.
روش بررسی: این مطالعه یک پژوهش توصیفی- تحلیلی و به روش مداخله&#8204;ای است که بر روی 13 شغل در پروژه تعمیرات اساسی خطوط لوله گاز صورت گرفت. در این بررسی پس از مشخص نمودن مشاغل نمره اولویت ریسک اولیه را به دست می&#8204;آوریم و بعد از پیشنهادات اصلاحی نمره اولویت ریسک ثانویه را حساب می&#8204;کنیم.
نتایج: ارتباط بین RPN1 و RPN2 بررسی و مشخص گردید که تفاوت معناداری بین نمره اولویت ریسک قبل و بعد از اقدام اصلاحی وجود دارد و این امر نشان دهنده اثر بخش بودن اقدامات می&#8204;باشد (0005/0P&#60;). در میان مشاغل مختلف و قبل از انجام اقدامات اصلاحی بیشترین تعداد حادثه مربوط به فعالیت خاک&#8204;برداری با 15 حادثه که بعد از انجام اقدامات اصلاحی به 6 کاهش یافت، بیشترین روز ازدست&#8204;رفته کاری متعلق به شغل رانندگی است با 6020 روز که بعد از انجام اقدامات اصلاحی به 8 روز رسید، بالاترین ضریب تکرار حادثه با 5/62 مربوط به فعالیت تنش&#8204;زدایی بود که بعد از انجام اقدامات اصلاحی که به 14/23 کاهش یافت، بیشترین ضریب شدت با 44/19444 مربوط به فعالیت رانندگی بود که بعد از انجام اقدامات اصلاحی به 25/25 تقلیل پیدا کرد و ضریب شدت - تکرار حادثه در فعالیت رانندگی با 84/15 بیشترین بود که بعد از انجام اقدامات اصلاحی به 28/0 کاهش پیدا کرد.
نتیجه&#8204;گیری: با توجه به وجود ریسک&#8204;های غیرقابل&#8204;قبول و نرخ بالای بروز حوادث در پروژه تعمیرات اساسی خطوط لوله گاز، می&#8204;توان با بکارگیری اقدامات کنترلی مناسب به سطح قابل&#8204;قبول ریسک رسید که نشان دهنده مفید و کارا بودن روش FMEA می&#8204;باشد.</CONTENT>
			</ABSTRACT>
			<ABSTRACT>
			<Language_ID>2</Language_ID>
			<CONTENT>Introduction:&#160;work-related accidents impose irreparable hurt on the national capital. It is necessary to take a series of preventive measures before the occurrence to preserve and protect the human force and reduce accidents. The current study aimed to check safety contradiction using the FMEA method and determine protection indicators of safety performance in the overhaul project.&#160;
Materials and Methods:&#160;This study is descriptive-analytical research and an interference method that accomplished 13 jobs in major repairs gas pipeline project. After determining jobs and entering them in the FMEA worksheet, the initial risk score was obtained in this investigation, and after corrective suggestions, the secondary risk priority score was calculated.
Results:&#160;The relationship between RPN1 and RPN2 was examined and determined a significant difference between risk priority score before and after corrective measure, and this indicates that these measures are effective (p&#60;0.0005). Among various jobs and before taking corrective actions, the highest number of accidents was related to excavation activities with 15 accidents, which were reduced to 6 after taking corrective measures. Most days lost from work were related to driving job with 6020 days that reduced to 8 days after taking corrective actions; the highest rate of repeat accidents with 62.5 was related to d&#233;tente activity reduced to 23.14 after taking corrective measures. The maximum intensity factor with 19444.44 was related to the driving activity reduced to 25.25 after taking corrective actions. The accident frequency - severity rate in driving activity with 15.84 was the most reduced to 0.28 after taking corrective measures.&#160;
Conclusion:&#160;Due to unacceptable risks and the high rate of accidents in the overhaul of the gas pipeline project, appropriate control measures can be used to reach an acceptable level of risk, which represents the usefulness of the FMEA method.</CONTENT>
			</ABSTRACT>
		</ABSTRACTS>

		<PAGES>
			<PAGE>
			<FPAGE>59</FPAGE>
			<TPAGE>68</TPAGE>
			</PAGE>
		</PAGES>

		<RECEIVE_DATE>
			2019/08/282020/07/152020/03/172019/10/62020/04/282020/03/242020/09/30
		</RECEIVE_DATE>

		<RECEIVE_DATE_FA>
			1399/7/9
		</RECEIVE_DATE_FA>

		<ACCEPT_DATE>
			2020/10/12020/10/12020/08/22020/10/12020/10/12020/10/12020/10/1
		</ACCEPT_DATE>

		<ACCEPT_DATE_FA>
			1399/7/10
		</ACCEPT_DATE_FA>

		<AUTHORS>
			<AUTHOR>
				<Name>غلامحسین</Name>
				<MidName></MidName>
				<Family>حلوانی</Family>
				<NameE>Gholamhosein</NameE>
				<MidNameE></MidNameE>
				<FamilyE>Halvani</FamilyE>
				<Organizations>
				<Organization>عضو هیأت علمی و استادیار گروه بهداشت حرفه ای، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید صدوقی یزد، یزد، ایران</Organization>
				</Organizations>
				<Countries>
				<Country>ایران</Country>
				</Countries>
				<EMAILS>
				<Email></Email>
				</EMAILS>
			</AUTHOR>

			<AUTHOR>
				<Name>محمدرضا</Name>
				<MidName></MidName>
				<Family>محمدنیا</Family>
				<NameE>Mohammadreza</NameE>
				<MidNameE></MidNameE>
				<FamilyE>Mohammadnia</FamilyE>
				<Organizations>
				<Organization>دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد بهداشت حرفه ای، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید صدوقی یزد، یزد، ایران</Organization>
				</Organizations>
				<Countries>
				<Country>ایران</Country>
				</Countries>
				<EMAILS>
				<Email></Email>
				</EMAILS>
			</AUTHOR>

			<AUTHOR>
				<Name>محمدرضا</Name>
				<MidName></MidName>
				<Family>زارع مهرجردی</Family>
				<NameE>Mohammadreza</NameE>
				<MidNameE></MidNameE>
				<FamilyE>Zare Mehrjardi</FamilyE>
				<Organizations>
				<Organization>کارشناس ارشد آمار، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید صدوقی یزد، یزد، ایران</Organization>
				</Organizations>
				<Countries>
				<Country>ایران</Country>
				</Countries>
				<EMAILS>
				<Email></Email>
				</EMAILS>
			</AUTHOR>

			<AUTHOR>
				<Name>محمدرضا</Name>
				<MidName></MidName>
				<Family>کشت ورز</Family>
				<NameE>Mohammadreza</NameE>
				<MidNameE></MidNameE>
				<FamilyE>Kesht varz</FamilyE>
				<Organizations>
				<Organization>دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد محیط زیست، دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان، کرمان، ایران</Organization>
				</Organizations>
				<Countries>
				<Country>ایران</Country>
				</Countries>
				<EMAILS>
				<Email></Email>
				</EMAILS>
			</AUTHOR>
		</AUTHORS>


		<KEYWORDS>
			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>Risk Assessment</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>Risk Priority Number (RPN)</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>FMEA</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>Accident Indicators</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>ارزیابی ریسک</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>عدد اولویت ریسک (RPN)</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>FMEA</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>شاخص‌های حادثه</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>
		</KEYWORDS>

		<REFRENCES>
			<REFRENCE>
				<REF>Stanton NA, Salmon PM, Rafferty LA, Walker GA, Baber CH, Jenkins DP. Human factors methods: A practical guide for engineering and design. Ashgate Publishing; 2005: 70-74.##2. Teixeira N, Cunha G, Moreno L, Pontes M, Rosa M, Jacob K, et al. Failure modes and effects analysis (FMEA) applied to two modern radiotherapy centres. Radiother Oncol. 2005;76(Suppl 2): 263-270.##3. Habibi E, Applied safety performance. Tehran: Fanaveran publication. 2006; 4-28. [Persian]##4. susan paparella RN. Failure Mode and Effects Analysis: A Useful Tool for Risk Identification and Injury Prevention. Journal of emergency nursing. 2007;33(4):367-370.##5. NPC, P.R, Annual Report (Report of the National Petrochemical Industrial Company) 2007.##6. Halvani GH, Zare M. Safety system engineering and risk management. Tehran: Asare Sobhan Publication; 2008. 120 -121. [Persian] ##7. International Labour organization. Preavention of major industrial accident. Geneva International labour office; 1991. 45-7##8. Blanks HS. .The challenge of quantitative relaibility. Quality and reliability engineering international.1998 ;14:167-176.##9. Meshkati N. Human factors in large-scale technological systems' accidents: Three Mile Island, Bhopal, Chernobyl. Organization &amp; Environment. 1991;5(2):133-54.##10. Halvani GH, Mirmohammadi SJ .occupational of safety. Tehran; Asare Sobhan publication. 2007.5-57 [Persian]##11. Blanks HS . The challenge of quantitative relaibility. Quality and reliability engineering international .1998; 14(3): 167-176.##12. Ebrahimzadeh M, Halvani GH. Risk assessment of potential risks of using FMEA. Shiraz Refinery. 2011;10: 450-456. [Persian]##13. Niu SH. ergonomics and occupational safety and health :An ILO perspective. applied ergonomics. 2010;41(6):744-753. ##14. Khosrai S. Using FMEA in accidents risk analysis in a regional electric company. Ghods Nirou journal. 2005; 14:25-37.##15. Hasheminejad N, Halvani GH, Moghadasi M, Zolala F, Shafiezadeh M. Risk Assessment and Determination of Safety Performance Indicators in the design and construction agglomeration Bafgh. Occupational Medicine Quarterly Journal. 2013;4(4):63-74.##16. CSB. Chemical Safety and Hazard Investigation Board.##17. International Association of Oil &amp; Gas Producers, Safety Performance Indicator - 2010 data. May 2011##Salvendy G. Handbook of human factors and ergonomics: Wiley; 2012.. 18## ##</REF>
			</REFRENCE>
		</REFRENCES>

	</ARTICLE>


	<ARTICLE> 
		<TitleF>ارتباط سطح سرمی روی با وزوز گوش در بیماران با کاهش شنوایی</TitleF>
		<TitleE>Investigation of Serum Zinc Level in Patients with Hearing Loss and its Association with Tinnitus</TitleE>
		<TitleLang_ID>1</TitleLang_ID>
		<ABSTRACTS>
			<ABSTRACT>
			<Language_ID>1</Language_ID>
			<CONTENT>مقدمه: در این مطالعه در صدد شدیم تا به بررسی سطح سرمی روی در بیماران مبتلا کاهش شنوایی بپردازیم و ارتباط آن را با میزان وزوز گوش بیماران بسنجیم.
روش بررسی: در این مطالعه مقطعی 110 نفر از بیماران بالای 20 سال که با شکایت کاهش شنوایی و وزوز گوش به درمانگاه گوش و حلق و بینی مراجعه کردند، مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. بیماران شرکت&#8204;کننده در ابتدا به&#8204;وسیله یک متخصص گوش و حلق و بینی به&#8204;وسیله شرح&#8204;حال و معاینه فیزیکی ویزیت شده و ازنظر کاهش شنوایی و همچنین اندازه&#8204;گیری شدت و فرکانس وزوز گوش توسط تست&#8204;های شنوایی&#8204;سنجی استاندارد تحت بررسی قرار گرفتند سپس جهت بررسی سطح سرمی روی تحت نمونه&#8204;گیری از خون ناشتا قرار گرفتند. 
نتایج: میانگین سطح سرمی روی 62/27&#177;32/85 و میانگین فرکانس وزوز گوش 76/2 &#177; 94/4 بوده که هر دو بین گروه&#8204;های مختلف اختلاف معناداری داشته&#8204;اند (001/0 P =). میانگین شدت وزوز گوش نیز 56/4 &#177; 77/7 بوده است و بین گروه&#8204;های مختلف اختلاف معناداری نداشته است (677/0 P =). &#160;سطح سرمی روی و فرکانس وزوز گوش با ضریب همبستگی 205/0 &#160;(032/0 P =) و سطح سرمی روی و میزان شدت وزوز گوش با ضریب همبستگی 249/0 باهم در ارتباط بوده&#8204;اند&#160; (009/0 P =). 
نتیجه&#8204;گیری: با توجه به نتایج مطالعه حاضر تأثیر مثبت سطح سرمی روی بر میزان شدت و فرکانس وزوز گوش مشخص شده است به&#8204;گونه&#8204;ای که با کاهش سطح سرمی روی این مقادیر در فرکانس&#8204;های پایین&#8204;تر بروز می&#8204;یابند.</CONTENT>
			</ABSTRACT>
			<ABSTRACT>
			<Language_ID>2</Language_ID>
			<CONTENT>Introduction: This study aims to determine the serum zinc level in patients with hearing loss and its relation with tinnitus.&#160;
Materials &#38; Methods: In this Cross-Sectional study, 110 patients older than 20 years old with Complaining of hearing loss and tinnitus were involved. Participating patients were first visited by an ear, nose, and throat specialist with a history and physical examination, and were assessed for standard hearing loss as well as the intensity and frequency of tinnitus by standard audiometric tests. Then, fasting blood samples were taken to check serum zinc levels.
Results:The mean serum level was 85.32 &#177; 27 27.62, and the mean frequency of tinnitus was 4.94 &#177; 2.76, both of which had significant differences between different groups (P = 0.001). The mean intensity of tinnitus was 7.77 &#177; 4.56, and there was no significant difference between different groups (P = 0.677). Serum zinc level and tinnitus frequency were associated with a correlation coefficient of 0.205 (P = 0.032), and serum zinc level and tinnitus severity were associated with a correlation coefficient of 0.249 (P = 0.009).
Conclusion: According to the present study results, the positive effect of serum zinc levels on the severity and frequency of tinnitus has been determined so that with decreasing serum zinc levels, tinnitus occurs at lower frequencies.</CONTENT>
			</ABSTRACT>
		</ABSTRACTS>

		<PAGES>
			<PAGE>
			<FPAGE>70</FPAGE>
			<TPAGE>76</TPAGE>
			</PAGE>
		</PAGES>

		<RECEIVE_DATE>
			2019/08/282020/07/152020/03/172019/10/62020/04/282020/03/242020/09/302019/05/14
		</RECEIVE_DATE>

		<RECEIVE_DATE_FA>
			1398/2/24
		</RECEIVE_DATE_FA>

		<ACCEPT_DATE>
			2020/10/12020/10/12020/08/22020/10/12020/10/12020/10/12020/10/12020/10/1
		</ACCEPT_DATE>

		<ACCEPT_DATE_FA>
			1399/7/10
		</ACCEPT_DATE_FA>

		<AUTHORS>
			<AUTHOR>
				<Name>وحید</Name>
				<MidName></MidName>
				<Family>زند</Family>
				<NameE>Vahid</NameE>
				<MidNameE></MidNameE>
				<FamilyE>Zand</FamilyE>
				<Organizations>
				<Organization>استادیار، گروه گوش و گلو وبینی و جراحی سرو گردن، مرکز تحقیقات گوش و حلق و بینی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید صدوقی یزد، یزد، ایران</Organization>
				</Organizations>
				<Countries>
				<Country>ایران</Country>
				</Countries>
				<EMAILS>
				<Email></Email>
				</EMAILS>
			</AUTHOR>

			<AUTHOR>
				<Name>پژمان</Name>
				<MidName></MidName>
				<Family>حسین پور</Family>
				<NameE>Pejman</NameE>
				<MidNameE></MidNameE>
				<FamilyE>Hosseinpoor</FamilyE>
				<Organizations>
				<Organization>دانشجو، گروه گوش و گلو وبینی و جراحی سرو گردن، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید صدوقی یزد، یزد، ایران</Organization>
				</Organizations>
				<Countries>
				<Country>ایران</Country>
				</Countries>
				<EMAILS>
				<Email></Email>
				</EMAILS>
			</AUTHOR>

			<AUTHOR>
				<Name>محمد حسین</Name>
				<MidName></MidName>
				<Family>برادران فر</Family>
				<NameE>Mohammadhossein</NameE>
				<MidNameE></MidNameE>
				<FamilyE>Baradaranfar</FamilyE>
				<Organizations>
				<Organization>استاد، گروه گوش و گلو وبینی و جراحی سرو گردن، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید صدوقی یزد، یزد، ایران</Organization>
				</Organizations>
				<Countries>
				<Country>ایران</Country>
				</Countries>
				<EMAILS>
				<Email></Email>
				</EMAILS>
			</AUTHOR>

			<AUTHOR>
				<Name>مجتبی</Name>
				<MidName></MidName>
				<Family>میبدیان</Family>
				<NameE>Mojtaba</NameE>
				<MidNameE></MidNameE>
				<FamilyE>Meybodian</FamilyE>
				<Organizations>
				<Organization>استادیار، گروه گوش و گلو وبینی و جراحی سرو گردن، مرکز تحقیقات گوش و حلق و بینی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید صدوقی یزد، یزد، ایران</Organization>
				</Organizations>
				<Countries>
				<Country>ایران</Country>
				</Countries>
				<EMAILS>
				<Email></Email>
				</EMAILS>
			</AUTHOR>

			<AUTHOR>
				<Name>محمد</Name>
				<MidName></MidName>
				<Family>ماندگاری</Family>
				<NameE>Mohammad</NameE>
				<MidNameE></MidNameE>
				<FamilyE>Mandegari</FamilyE>
				<Organizations>
				<Organization>استادیار، گروه گوش و گلو وبینی و جراحی سرو گردن، مرکز تحقیقات گوش و حلق و بینی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید صدوقی یزد، یزد، ایران</Organization>
				</Organizations>
				<Countries>
				<Country>ایران</Country>
				</Countries>
				<EMAILS>
				<Email></Email>
				</EMAILS>
			</AUTHOR>

			<AUTHOR>
				<Name>صدیقه</Name>
				<MidName></MidName>
				<Family>وزیری بزرگ</Family>
				<NameE>Sedighe</NameE>
				<MidNameE></MidNameE>
				<FamilyE>Vaziribozorg</FamilyE>
				<Organizations>
				<Organization>پژوهشگر، گروه گوش و گلو وبینی و جراحی سرو گردن، مرکز تحقیقات گوش و حلق و بینی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید صدوقی یزد، یزد، ایران</Organization>
				</Organizations>
				<Countries>
				<Country>ایران</Country>
				</Countries>
				<EMAILS>
				<Email></Email>
				</EMAILS>
			</AUTHOR>

			<AUTHOR>
				<Name>محمد حسین</Name>
				<MidName></MidName>
				<Family>دادگرنیا</Family>
				<NameE>Mohammadhossein</NameE>
				<MidNameE></MidNameE>
				<FamilyE>Dadgarnia</FamilyE>
				<Organizations>
				<Organization>دانشیار، گروه گوش و گلو وبینی و جراحی سرو گردن، مرکز تحقیقات گوش و حلق و بینی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید صدوقی یزد، یزد، ایران</Organization>
				</Organizations>
				<Countries>
				<Country>ایران</Country>
				</Countries>
				<EMAILS>
				<Email></Email>
				</EMAILS>
			</AUTHOR>
		</AUTHORS>


		<KEYWORDS>
			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>Serum zinc</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>Hearing loss</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>Tinnitus</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>روی</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>کاهش شنوایی</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>وزوز گوش</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>
		</KEYWORDS>

		<REFRENCES>
			<REFRENCE>
				<REF>1.	Flint PW, Haughey BH, Niparko JK, Richardson MA, Lund VJ, Robbins KT, et al. Cummings Otolaryngology- Head and Neck Surgery E-Book: Head and Neck Surgery, 3-Volume Set: Elsevier Health Sciences; 2010.##2.	Abtahi HR, Yazdkhasti F. Serum copper and iron levels in idiopathic tinnitus. Feyz Journal of Kashan University of Medical Sciences. 2017;21(2):157-61.##3.	Crummer RW, Hassan GA. Diagnostic approach to tinnitus. American family physician. 2004;69(1):120-6.##4.	Theodoroff SM, Schuette A, Griest S, Henry JA. Individual patient factors associated with effective tinnitus treatment. Journal of the American Academy of Audiology. 2014;25(7):631-43.##5.	Berkiten G, Yildirim G, Topaloglu I, Ugras H. Vitamin B12 levels in patients with tinnitus and effectiveness of vitamin B12 treatment on hearing threshold and tinnitus. B-ENT. 2013;9(2):111-6.##6.	Jun HJ, Park MK. Cognitive behavioral therapy for tinnitus: evidence and efficacy. Korean journal of audiology. 2013;17(3):101.##7.	Gersdorff M, Robillard T, Stein F, Declaye X, Vanderbemden S. A clinical correlation between hypozincemia and tinnitus. Archives of oto-rhino-laryngology. 1987;244(3):190-3.##8.	Biesinger E, Iro H. Tinnitus: Springer Berlin Heidelberg; 2006.##9.	Shambaugh GE, Jr. Zinc and presbycusis. The American journal of otology. 1985;6(1):116-7.##10.	Porto MS, Oliveira HP, Cunha AJ, Miranda G, Guimaraes M, Oliveira WA, et al. Linear growth and zinc supplementation in children with short stature. Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism. 2000;13(8):1121-8.##11.	Borowski CF. Papel do zinco no sistema nervoso central: defesas antioxidantes e sinalização celular via PI3K/AKT: Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciencias Biológicas …; 2006.##12.	Izumi Y, Ishii K, Akiba K, Hayashi T. Hypozincemia during fever may trigger febrile convulsion. Medical Hypotheses. 1990;32(1):77-80.##13.	Mees K. Ultrastructural localization of K+-dependent, ouabain-sensitive NPPase (Na-K-ATPase) in the guinea pig inner ear. Acta oto-laryngologica. 1983;95(3-4):277-89.##14.	Meikle M, Griest S, Stewart B, Press L, editors. Measuring the negative impact of tinnitus: A brief severity index. Abstr Assoc Res Otolaryngol; 1995.##15.	Paaske PB, Kjems G, Pedersen CB, Sam ILK. Zinc in the management of tinnitus: placebo-controlled trial. Annals of Otology, Rhinology &amp; Laryngology. 1991;100(8):647-9.##16.	Frederickson CJ, Moncrieff D. Zinc-containing neurons. Neurosignals. 1994;3(3):127-39.##17.	Hassanzadeh J, Smaeeli H, A M. Evaluation Of Correlation Between Serum Zinc Level And Audiometric Performance In Tinnitus Patient. . Iran J Otorhinolaryngol. 2005;17(41):113-6.##18.	Nikakhlagh S, Saki S, Saki M, Karimi M. The Zinc Sulphate as a treatment modality in the patients suffering from Tinnitus. Apadana Journal of Clinical Research. 2012;1(2):23-5.##19.	Berkiten G, Kumral TL, Yıldırım G, Salturk Z, Uyar Y, Atar Y. Effects of serum zinc level on tinnitus. American journal of otolaryngology. 2015;36(2):230-4.##20.	Dinarvand G, Ziaei M, Hoseini SY, Moosapoor Z, Shangol AB. The Effect of Zinc Therapy on Tinnitus Symptoms Reduction. International Journal of Health and Life Sciences. 2015;1(1):24-8.##21.	Ochi K, Kinoshita H, Kenmochi M, Nishino H, Ohashi T. Zinc deficiency and tinnitus. Auris Nasus Larynx. 2003;30:25-8.## ##</REF>
			</REFRENCE>
		</REFRENCES>

	</ARTICLE>

</ARTICLES>

</JOURNAL>
</XML>
