1 2251-7189 Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd 1201 Chemical agents Modeling the dispersion of gaseous pollutants CO and NO2 from fixed sources (stacks) using AERMOD model (Maroon petrochemical company) Izadrezaei Atefeh b Ahmadi Nadoushan Mozhgan c Lotfi Pantea d b Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University c Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University d Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University 1 3 2023 14 4 1 13 06 08 2022 01 03 2023 Introduction: AERMOD model is a Gaussian model, which is widely used to model the emission of air pollutants from different sources and for distances less than 50 km from emission sources. Nowadays, petrochemical industries are one of the essential and cost-effective industries for the country. So, along with the progress of these industries, air pollution control should be considered. The purpose of this study is to model the dispersion of two pollutants, carbon monoxide, and nitrogen oxides, emitted from Maroon petrochemical stacks. Materials and Methods: In this study, the emission of carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides from the stacks of the Maroon Petrochemical Complex was modeled using the AERMOD model in 2019. For modeling the dispersion of pollutants using AERMOD, which is the model proposed by the EPA for comprehensive studies of air pollution, the three-hour data from Bandar Mahshahr synoptic station as well as a digital elevation model with 30 m pixel size were gathered and then modeling was done in an area of 2500 square kilometers.  Results: The results indicated that the average annual concentration of nitrogen dioxide and carbon monoxide pollutants was 1.44 and 1.3 mg/m3, respectively, at a distance of 900 meters from the stacks. This land area includes Maroon Petrochemical Complex and does not affect residential areas. Conclusion: The results of this study also indicated that the AERMOD model is suitable for comprehensive studies, with a focus on pollution concentration. The results of this study showed that the concentration of carbon monoxide and nitrogen dioxide pollutants is lower than the standards assigned by the Iranian Department of Environment. Maintenance programs, employee health monitoring, output control, and appropriate controls under EPA recommendations have a significant impact on controlling and reducing pollutant emissions. The result of this study also showed that the AERMOD model is highly efficient in comprehensive air pollution studies that require a detailed investigation of pollutant concentration.
1222 Safety and occupational accidents Evaluation of effective parameters on the causes of occupational accidents in the construction industry using the combined method of Fuzzy logic-AHP and Pareto theory (Case study: Kurdistan province) jannaty rasoul abedi kamaladdin jannaty limo 1 3 2023 14 4 14 24 18 12 2022 01 03 2023 Introduction: Statistics show that occupational accidents in the construction industry are relatively high. Also, a significant percentage of these accidents in this industry leads to death. Therefore, in this study, the parameters affecting the causes of occupational accidents in the construction industry were evaluated using the combined method of Fuzzy logic-AHP and Pareto's theory in Kurdistan province, and management and engineering mitigation measures were determined. Methods and Materials: In this study, the effective parameters in the occurrence of accidents in the construction industry were identified and a questionnaire based on fuzzy hierarchical analysis was designed and distributed, which was completed by 83 occupational health and safety specialists in the Kurdistan province of Iran. The data analysis was done based on Fuzzy logic-AHP and Pareto theory. Results: In the evaluation of this study, out of the set of eight factors, unsafe conditions were found to be the most influential factor. Also, among the sub-factors of this index, the two parameters of lack of scaffolding and safety equipment for working at height and lack of protective fences in existing cliffs were the most important. Conclusion: Based on these results, it is suggested that to reduce the occurrence of accidents in this industry, control measures to create safe working conditions at height should be prioritized. Also, paying attention to the parameters determined by the Pareto theory in each factor can easily reduce more than 80% of the causes of occupational accidents in this industry. 1199 occupational medicine Comparison of problems related to 12 and 24-shift shift work in emergency medical technicians of Ardabil province mesri hussain h mehri saeid i aghamohammadi masoumeh j h ardabil university of medical sciences i ardabil university of medical sciences j ardabil university of medical sciences 1 3 2023 14 4 25 35 02 08 2022 19 01 2023 Abstract Introduction: Shift work is one of the factors affecting the performance of employees in the field of health care, which can have important effects on their health. The present study was conducted to compare the problems related to 12 and 24-hour shift work among emergency medical technicians in Ardabil province. Materials and Methods: The present study was descriptive-analytical research that was conducted on 157 technicians from 115 urban emergency centers in Ardabil province who were selected by census method in 2018. The data collection tool was standard shift work (SSW) questionnaire. The data were analyzed through SPSS version 20 software and using descriptive statistics and a chi-square test. Results: The results showed that the physical and mental workload of emergency medical technicians working 12-hour shifts is higher than that of 24-hour shift workers. Also, the willingness of 12-hour shift workers to continue working according to the productivity improvement law was significantly more than urban 24-hour shift workers (P<0.001). 24-hour shift technicians had more time for personal life compared to 12-hour shift workers (P=0.008). Feeling tired during the day, stomachache and heartburn, and back pain were relatively common problems among all emergency medical workers. Conclusion: Considering that the physical and mental workload of 12-hour shift workers is more than 24-hour shifts, it is recommended that managers should prioritize the work schedule of emergency medical technicians, including reducing their working hours.   1191 occupational medicine The relationship between mental health and sleep quality in students of Kashan University of Medical Sciences in the academic year of 1994-93 sepehrmanesh zahra moraveji alireza kalantar mehrjarid farahnaz 1 3 2023 14 4 36 45 21 05 2022 01 03 2023 Introduction: Sleep is one of most essential cycle in a day that has a complex biological pattern. Sleep and sleep disorders have an important role in people's life. Sleep disorders have adverse effect on social performance in addition mental health threat .Prevalence of sleep disorders is increasing specially in young people. Some groups like students have more sleep disorders. This study aimed to assess the relation between mental healths with sleep quality in students. Methods and Materials: In this case-control, dormitories students of kashan university of medical science were studied from 2013 to 2014. We selected 200 students include 100 person with sleep disorder and 100 students without sleep disorder by randomized sampling. Three questionnaires used includes: Demographic information, Pittsburgh and GHQ. All data improved with EPIINFO program and were analyzed by SPSS 16. We used chi-square and t-test for analysis of dependent and independent changeable data and regression methods used to control confounding data. Results: This persons were108 female (54%) and 92 male (46%). 22 person were married, and 177 person were single. Mean age in person with sleep disorder was 22.61, and without sleep disorders was 22.35 without significant difference. Psychological disorders like anxiety, depression and physical health have significant relation with sleep disorders (P<0.01). GHQ score was 31.52% in people with sleep disorder and 18.49% without sleep disorder. Sex, dormitory, Marital status, Field of Study, Degree, Grade Point Average, age and time of sleeping have no relation to sleep disorders (P>0.05). Suicidal ideation was 35% in people with sleep disorders and 7% without sleep disorders. Ideation of suicidal attempts was 32% in people with sleep disorder and 7% without sleep disorder (P<0.001) Conclusion: Sleep quality have important role in different items of mental health. Pay attention to improve sleep quality of dormitories students, and necessary actions like advice and training of sleep health is important to improve health status.   1215 occupational medicine Relationship between occupational hazards and pregnancy complications in health care workers in Gonabad University of Medical Sciences Moharramy Milad n Moaven Saeidi Maryam o Khajavian Nasim p n Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Clinical Research Development Unit, Allameh Bohlool Hospital, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran o Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Clinical Research Development Unit, Allameh Bohlool Hospital, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran p Social Development and Health Promotion Research Center 1 3 2023 14 4 46 54 16 11 2022 01 03 2023 Aims: Reproductive disorders are mentioned as one of the ten main diseases and work-related injuries and working in the health care field may affect pregnancy and its complications .The aim of this study was to observe the adverse consequences of pregnancy between female health care workers in relation to Occupational risk factors Materials&Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 153 female healthcare workers of Gonabad University of Medical Sciences Retrospectively during 2017-2020 who were selected by a Simple random sampling method. Data were collected through a checklist of women Health Care Workers.Data analysis was performed using Descriptive statistics methods , Chi-Square, Mann–Whitney U test with spss22 at a significant level less than 0.05. Results: The frequency of pregnancy complications in female employees was 37.9%. frequency of Premature labour 9.8%, abortion at 3.9%, low birth weight at 6.5%, intrauterine growth restriction 4.6%, spotting and bleeding 25.5%, and pre eclampsia 2% was reported. There was a significant association between some occupational hazards such as stress(0.04), exposure to anesthetic gas(0.015), prolonged standing(0.035), shift work(0.039), and workplace(0.012) with pregnancy complications.There was significant relationship between exposure to anesthetic gas with preterm labour(0.015)and Hours of work with low birth weight(0.013) significant relationship between shift work(0.039), long-standing(0.035) and workplace (0.012)with spotting and bleeding was observed. Conclusion: Our study showed that Some job characteristics and occupational hazards in health care workers affect the mother and the fetus and increase the risk of some pregnancy complications. Therefore, the support of pregnant health care workers in their work environment and the development of appropriate solutions in this regard must be taken into consideration by relevant organizations. 1148 General The effectiveness of virtual reality package on improving the quality of work life and organizational vitality Abasi Fatemeh Farhadi Hadi logy, Islamic Azad university, Tehran Electronic branch, Isfahan, Iran1 Department of psychology. Isfahan(khorasgan)Branch, Islamic Azad University.Isfahan, Iran 1 3 2023 14 4 55 66 07 08 2021 01 03 2023 Introduction: The quality of work life is one of the most important variables in the field of industrial and organizational psychology, which leads to an increase in individual performance and organizational productivity by creating organizational vitality. Today's organizations use many measures to improve the quality of work life and the vitality of employees, one of the newest methods is the use of virtual reality.  Materials and Methods: The purpose of this research was to investigate the effectiveness of virtual reality on the quality of work life and organizational vitality of employees. The research was a semi-experimental pre-test-post-test type with a control group. The sample of this research was 30 employees of Iran's New Energy Organization, who were assigned in two groups of 15 people, experimental and control. The tools of this research were Walton's quality of work life questionnaire (1973) and Kroloff's organizational vitality (2007). The experimental group of 15 people underwent the virtual reality training package during 8 sessions (10 minutes each session). After collecting the data, they were analyzed using the covariance analysis method. Results: The results showed that the difference between the average scores of the post-test of the quality of work life and organizational vitality in the two experimental and control groups is significant (P<0.01). Therefore, it can be said that the virtual reality package has a favorable effect on the quality of work life and organizational vitality and improves the quality of work life and organizational vitality. Conclusion: It is suggested that organizations and companies use the virtual reality package to improve quality of work life and organizational vitality of their employees. 1223 Safety and occupational accidents Identification and assessment of home accidents risk in children under 7 years old in Yazd city Halvani Gholamhossein Ebrahimi Zahra Mehrab Navid Mihanpour Hamideh 1 3 2023 14 4 67 76 07 01 2023 01 03 2023 Introduction: Home accidents means accidents that happen in the house or its surroundings, and are the main cause of death and disability of children. Risk assessment is an organized method to identify, predict and reduce risk to an acceptable level. Therefore, our goal in this study is to identify and evaluate domestic hazards in the homes of Yazd city for children under seven years old. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive-analytical study, 322 home accidents were identified in a cluster method from different areas of Yazd city. Data were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire whose validity and reliability were measured by experts (α=0.764). After completing the questionnaires, the collected data were entered into SPSS software version 20 and were analyzed by descriptive tests, ANOVA and T-TEST in confidence level of 95% Results: The most injuries caused by hazards are cuts, bone fractures/dislocations and contusion with a frequency of 17%, 14.8%, and 9.6%, respectively. The highest risk assessment code belongs to minor risks with a frequency of 39.76%, and the lowest frequency is for critical risks (3.17%). There was a significant relationship between most of the risks in homes with the areas of Yazd city and the type of building (p-value<0.05). Conclusion: This study shows the importance of using from the risk assessment code method, which can be used to identify and determine the relative risk of hazards for each part of the house and provide prevention solutions based on priority. Also, by using appropriate training and policies to monitor compliance and full implementation of legal requirements in construction, home accidents and the resulting complications have been reduced, and safety culture and quality of life of families have been improved. 1219 Chemical agents Title: Reactive airway dysfunction syndrome caused by chlorine gas from the point of view of Persian Medicine: A review article Akbari Mashak Khatereh Agin Khosro Emaratkar Elham Gholami Fesharaki Mohammad Namdar Hasan Shahed University Shahid Beheshti University Shahed University Tarbiat Modares University Shahed University 1 3 2023 14 4 77 90 02 12 2022 01 03 2023 Introduction: Chlorine gas inhalation is a toxic respiratory irritant associated with high lung complications. Despite its wide industrial and domestic applications such as bleaching detergents, there is no specific treatment for chlorine gas poisoning yet and common standard treatments are mostly supportive. In this regard, this study aimed to find a new treatment for this pathogenesis from the perspective of Persian medicine (PM). Materials and methods: In this review study, at first, we searched the etiologies and clinical symptoms associated with chlorine gas poisoning in modern medicine and then compared them with similar etiologies and symptoms in valuable Persian medical manuscripts. Then we reviewed the proposed treatments for similar illnesses from the point of view of PM. Results: The pathology of lung damage caused by inhalation of chlorine gas is reactive airway dysfunction syndrome (RADS), which leads to dyspnea, hypoxemia, respiratory tract obstruction, pneumonia, pulmonary edema, and finally acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). In a comparative study, it seems that this pathology has the closest similarity with the Persian term“Varme-e-harr riye”. The treatment strategy for this syndrome in PM is bloodletting at the first and then the application of cold-temperament foods and medications to improve the lungs. Conclusion: According to the compatibility of acute pulmonary edema caused by chlorine inhalation and “varam-e-harr riye” in PM, it seems that wet cupping can be considered as a suggested primary and emergency treatment for this pathology in future clinical studies. Keywords: Reactive airway dysfunction syndrome (RADS), Persian Medicine, Chlorine gas, Acute pulmonary edema